Lecture 3 Flashcards
1
Q
A
2
Q
- 1?
- 2?
- how can you distinquish the two?
A
- alar foramen
- Lateral foramen
- If you stick a probe into lateral foramen it will go into the vertebral foramen
3
Q
do ruminants have transverse foramen on C1?
A
no!
4
Q
2?
A
transverse foramen
5
Q
What is different about the dens process in large animals
A
The dens process is short and wide, spout like
6
Q
what is this an image of?
A
general cervical vertebrae C3-C6
7
Q
- ?
- ?
- ?
A
- Spinous process
- cranial articulation process
- caudal articulation process
8
Q
4?
5?
A
4- transverse process
5- transverse foramen
9
Q
- Which vertebrae make up transverse canal in ruminants?
- horses?
A
- Ruminant transverse canal = c2-c6
- Horse= c1-c6
10
Q
what is located in the transverse canal?
A
vertebral artery, vein and nerve
11
Q
- what type of nerve is the vertebral nerve?
- innervation from what?
A
- post ganglionic sympathetic innervation from
- cervicothoracic ganglion
12
Q
What is special about C7? (4 things)
A
- No transverse foramen
- Spinous process on C7 is higher than rest of cervical vertebrae
- body is shorter
- First rib can articulate with c7
13
Q
1?
2?
A
- supraspinous ligament
- nuchal ligament
14
Q
3?
4?
A
3- laminar part of nuchal ligament
4- Funicular part of nuchal ligament
15
Q
5?
6?
7?
A
5- supraspinous bursa
6- cranial nuchal bursa
7- caudal nuchal bursa
16
Q
- How is the nuchal ligament different in herbivores than dogs?
- what does it do?
A
- Nuchal ligament in dog terminates in C2
- Herbivore will go all the way to the head
- support the head and help raise the head
17
Q
in horses which spinal bursas are present at birth?
A
supraspinous bursa
18
Q
which bursa is more common in the horse?
- cranial or caudal nuchal bursa
A
cranial
19
Q
what is special about the spinal bursas in the bovine?
A
- supraspinous developed in postnatal period
- Some might have cranial and caudal nuchal bursa but not common
20
Q
- in what general location are the vertebral bodies in the neck of a herbivore?
- why is this important?
A
- ventral 1/3rd
- Right above is a triangular muscular area good for IM injections
21
Q
- 1?
- 3?
- what species?
A
- 1- sternomandibularis
- 3- cleidomastoideus
- horse
22
Q
- 1?
- 2?
- what species is this?
A
- sternomandibularis
- sternomastoideus
- bovine
23
Q
3?
4?
5?
A
3- cleidocephalicus
4- cleidooccipitalis
5- cleidocephalicus
24
Q
what is different about the neck muscles in a goat vs a bovine
A
- no sternomandibularis
- in goats it goes to the zygomatic arch, called sternozygomaticus
25
what is different about neck muscles in sheep?
do not have sterndomandibularis or sternozygomaticus
26
2?
3?
4?
2- cleidooccipitalis
3- cleidomastoideus
4- sternomandibularis
27
5?
10?
11?
5- sternomastoideus
10- sternothyroideus (lateral)
11- sternohyoideus (medial)
28
* 9?
* What is special about this one?
* 22?
* 9- omohyoideus
* origin is not from shoulder!!
* It is from fascia overlying from C3 and C4!!
* 22- omotransversaris
29
what happens when trying to medicate a bovine and hyperextending the neck
Cannot hyperextend neck because it will affect swallowing because of sternohyoideus
30
1?
2?
1. Cleidomastoideus
2. Sternomandibularis
31
* 10?
* what is different about this muscle in horses?
* Sternothyrohyoideus
* Will spit into Sternohyoideus and Sternothyroideus ver close to insertion
32
1. 1?
2. 2?
3. what species?
1. Dorsal: Cleidomastoideus
2. Ventral: Sternomandibularis
3. Horse!
33
3?
4?
5?
* 3- Deep: Omohyoideus
* Funicular part of nuchal ligament
* Laminar part of nuchal ligament
34
24?
25?
26?
27?
24- common carotid
25- jugular vein
26- Reccurrent laryngeal
27- Vagosympathetic trunk
35
1. would you want to give an iv injection in this portion of the neck?
2. why?
1. no!
2. jugular vein is close to common carotid
* can inject in common carotid (bad could kill the horse)
* can inject perivascular and cause nerve damage/ irritation to vagus and recurrent laryngeal
36
where would you want to give an IV injection in a horse in the neck area?
jugual vein near the C4 region as it has the deep omohyoideus seperating jugualar from common carotid, vagus, reccurent laryngeal
37
where is the esophagous located in the cervical portion relative to trachea
left!
38
1. which species's thymus is 1?
* at what age will it get smaller?
2. 2?
1. bovine
* 9 months
2. pig
39
which species's thymus is 3?
4?
3- horse
4- dog
40
1. What is 1?
2. 2?
* why is this important to know
1. Nasolacrimal opening
2. Nasal diverticulum-
* blind ended pouch, doesn’t go anywhere
* want to pass tubes ventral to avoid it
41
1. ?
2. ?
1. alar cartilage
2. lamina of the alar cartilage
42
What is special about the nostril of a horse?
* no lateral cartilage supporting it
* can dilate it to allow more air for breathing and exercise
43
what muscle dilates the nostril?
caninus muscle
44
11?
12?
13?
14?
11- Common nasal meatus
12- Dorsal nasal meatus
13- middle nasal meatus
14- ventral nasal meatus
45
1. ?
2. ?
3. ?
1. Dorsal nasal chonchae
2. ventral nasal chonchae
3. ethmoidal chonchae
46
1. what are the blue lines refering too?
2. why is this important?
1. ethmoidal nasal chonchae is very vascular
2. can be easily damaged by probes or nasal tubes
47
1. What is another name for choncae?
2. what nasal meatus do you want to pass a nasal tube?
1. turbinates
2. ventral nasal meatus
