Lecture 1 Flashcards
1
Q
A
2
Q
- Why are horse and cattle’s heads elongated past the orbit?
- what is the result of not having much subcutaneous tissue on the head?
A
- It increases surface area for muscles like more muscles of mastication
- Allows greater area for teeth to be implanted
- If have blunt force trauma, will have laceration on skin because they don’t have tissue to cushion impact
3
Q
what is the difference between a calf skull and adult skull’s shape?
A
- Calf skull is dome shaped
- Adult is pyramidal shaped
4
Q
- What is this a skull of?
- what is it
- what bone is it a part of
- What is this space called
- what muscle is found here
A
- ox
- temporal line
- on frontal bone
- temporal fossa
- temporalis muscle found here
5
Q
- 3
- 4
- what is special about cattle’s upper teeth
A
- 3- facial tuberosity
- 4- cornual process
- only found on horned cattle
- Ruminants do not have upper incisors or canines
6
Q
- What is this a skull of?
- what is it
- what muscle originates from here
- what is it
- what is special regarding the orbit in large animals
A
- Horse
- facial crest
- Masseter muscle origin from facial crest
- nasoincisive notch
- orbit is completely bony
7
Q
- If you want to provide regional anesthesia to the front of the face where would you want to do it?
- how do you approach it?
A
- infraorbital foramen
- Go from rostral point of facial crest up to the nasoincisive notch, and halfway point Is the infraorbital foramen
8
Q
- What is this a skull of?
- what is this
- What other species like this one is this different in?
- what is this
- what will be located here?
A
- sheep
- Roman nose
- Goats will be flat
- External lacrimal fossa
- infraorbital pouch (gland)
9
Q
3- what would be here?
4
A
3- Cornual process will be here if horned
4- Facial tuberosity
10
Q
- what is different between cornual process on small ruminants vs cattle?
- what bone are they on?
A
- Horns are more rostrally located in smaller ruminants
- frontal bone
11
Q
- what is this a skull of?
1. what is this?
A
- pig
1. os rostrale (only pigs have)
12
Q
- 3?
- 4?
- what runs through here?
A
- Ethmoid foramen
- Optic canal
- Cranial nerve II (optic)
13
Q
- 5?
- what runs through here
A
- 5- Orbital fissure
- Cranial nerves
- 3 (oculomotor)
- 4 (trochlear)
- 5, (ophthalmic branch of trigeminal)
- 6 (abducent)
14
Q
- 6?
- what runs through here
A
- 6- rostral alar foramen
- Maxillary artery, maxillary branch of trigeminal
15
Q
- what is right behind 6?
- what runs through here?
A
- round foramen
- Maxillary branch of trigeminal
16
Q
- 7?
- what runs through here?
A
- caudal alar foramen
- Maxillary artery
17
Q
- 8?
- what runs through here
A
- 8- oval foramen
- mandibular branch of trigeminal
18
Q
- what is it?
- what is it?
- what runs through here
A
- ethmoid foramen
- optic canal
- cranial nerve 2
19
Q
- what is 3
- what runs through here?
A
- 3- foramen orbitorotundum
- Cranial nerve 3, 4, 6, ophthalmic and maxillary branch of trigeminal
20
Q
- What is 4
- what runs through here?
A
- Oval foramen-
- mandibular branch of trigeminal
21
Q
- What species is this?
- 4?
- what runs through here?
A
- dog
- 4- jugular foramen
- cranial nerves 9, 10, 11
22
Q
5?
7?
9?
A
- 5- suture line in dogs
- 7- carotid foramen
- 9- oval foramen
23
Q
- what is 4?
- what is 5?
- 9?
- what species is this?
A
- 4- Jugular foramen
- 5- fissure
- 9- Oval foramen
- ox
24
Q
- what is 5?
- what is it made up of?
- What species?
A
- foramen lacerum
- includes jugular, oval and carotid foramen
- pig
25
1. what is 5?
2. what species?
3. what runs through here?
1. foramen lacerum
2. horse
3. Mandibular branch trigeminal,
* internal carotid artery and nerve
* cranial nerves 9,10,11
26
1. what is 1?
2. what species?
27
what is different from the foramen on the side of the skull starting from ethmoid foramen to the caudal alar foramen from a dog and horse?
1. its the same!
* Ethmoid foramen, optic canal, orbital fissure, rostral alar, caudal alar
