Lecture 2 (Head/Neck) Flashcards
What type of tooth is this?
Brachydont tooth
What type of tooth is this?
Hypsodont tooth
What is structure 1? Structure 2?
Structure 1: Root
Structure 2: Crown
What is the length of wear and growth (eruption) expected for a hypsodont tooth every year?
2-3 mm of growth and wear per year
What is the name for structure 1 and structure 2?
Structure 1 is the “clinical” crown
Struture 2 is the “reserve” crown
What are the names of these surfaces?
- ) Labial surface
- ) Lingual surface
- ) Occlusal surface
- ) Buccal surface
- ) Mesial side
- ) Distal side
Define Anisognathic.
It is when the upper jaw is wider than the lower jaw. Seen in horses.
In which direction does the “power stroke” of the chewing cycle occur in horses and cows?
It occurs in the Lateral direction. Unlike carnivores which is in the vertical direction.
What does the term “floating teeth” describe?
Procedure involving removal of the lingual and buccal points of the teeth. Helps prevent potential injury to the cheek and tongue.
Red line depicts the occlusal surface of the teeth. Notice how it is at an angle instead of 180 degrees.
True/False: For the deciduous dentition there are no molars across all species (cat, dog, horse, ruminant, pig)
True
Which species corresponds to number 1 and 2 for deciduous and permanent dental formulas.
What is the significance of the red outline?
What is the significance for the highlighted area?
1: horse
2: cow
The red pen highlights the canine tooth of the horse that can but doesnt usually erupt in the deciduous formula.
The yellow highlighter shows that the canine tooth erupts for males and erupts 30% of the time in females.
Canine tooth eruption is variable depending on age and gender of the horse.
What is the deciduous and permanent dental formula for the horse and cow.
1: horse
2: cow
What tooth is highlighted in red. What tooth is highlighted in blue. When would you expect the tooth highlighted in blue to erupt?
Red: Canine tooth
Blue: Wolf tooth
Wolf tooth erupts at 6-12 months of age
The horse has all hypsodont teeth except for which two?
The canine teeth and premolar 1 (which is absent in the adult)
In the cow which teeth are hypsodont and which ones are brachydont.
hypsodont: P2-M3
Brachydont: I1-I3 and the canine tooth
What are the times for foal incisor 1-3 eruption?
Deciduous Incisor 1: 6-9 days
Deciduous Incisor 2: 6-9 weeks
Deciduous Incisor 3: 6-9 months
What are the eruption times for the permanent incisors of the horse?
Permanent Incisor 1: 2 1/2 years
Permanent Incisor 2: 3 1/2 years
Permanent Incisor 3: 4 1/2 years
Canine teeth: 4-5 years
Takes approximately 6 months after eruption for the permanent tooth to contact the upper/lower tooth to begin wearing
Identify numbered structures 1, 1’, 2, 3 and 4
1:
1’: Cup
2: pulp cavity
3: Dental Star (secondary Dentin)
4:
The dental cups disappear from the lower incisors at what age?
Incisor 1: ?
Incisor 2: ?
Incisor 3: ?
Incisor 1: 6 years
Incisor 2: 7 years
Incisor 3: 8 years
Age this horse.
Blue circle is the cup and the red circle is the dental star.
This horse is approximately 4 1/2 years old because you can see the eruption of permanent I3 tooth
What is the time frame that the Galvyne’s groove appears on the upper third incisor?
10-30 years (first appears around year 10)
The angle of incidence between the upper and lower teeth will be shaper or more round in an older animal?
Sharper
What are the permanent incisor eruption times in cattle?
Incisor 1: ?
Incisor 2: ?
Incisor 3: ?
Incisor 4/canine: ?
Incisor 1: 1 1/2 - 2 years
Incisor 2: 2-2 1/2 years
Incisor 3: 3-3 1/2 years
Incisor 4/canine: 3-4 years
What are the deciduous teeth eruption times for cattle?
All present at birth or by day 14
What are the permanent incisor eruption times in small ruminants?
Incisor 1: ?
Incisor 2: ?
Incisor 3: ?
Incisor 4/canine: ?
Incisor 1: 1-1 1/2 years
Incisor 2: 1 1/2-2 years
Incisor 3: 2 1/2-3 years
Incisor 4/canine: 3-4 years
What are the deciduous teeth eruption times for small ruminants?
All present at birth or by day 7.
Identify the species and age of this animal.
Cow
It is between the ages of 14 days- 1 1/2 years old
Identify the species and the age of the animal.
Cow
Between the ages of 1 1/2-2 years
Identify the species and age of this animal
Cow
Between the ages of 2-2 1/2 years
Permanent teeth at I1 and I2
Shovel like appearance to the permanent teeth
Identify the species and the age of this animal.
Cow
Between the ages of 3-3 1/2 years
Permanent teeth at I1-I3
Notice the shovel appearance and the deciduous canine tooth
What are the structures labeled 1 and 2.
Estimate the age of the animal.
Structure 1 is secondary dentin
Structure 2 is primary dentin
The age of the animal is 8 years old
Estimate the age of this animal.
This animal is 11 years old
Brachydont teeth wear much more quickly compared to hypsodont teeth.
