Lecture 3 Flashcards
1
Q
Occupies space and mass
A
Matter
2
Q
How many elements are there?
A
150 elements
3
Q
Substance that cannot be broken down to simpler substances
A
Elements
4
Q
What is the nucleus composed of
A
Neutrons and Protons
5
Q
Elements with different number of neutrons
A
Isotopes
6
Q
Chemical union between two or more elements at fixed properties
A
Compounds
7
Q
Characteristics of individual elements are lost
A
Compounds
8
Q
Can be separated by chemical means
A
Compounds
9
Q
Physical union takes place
A
Mixture
10
Q
Characteristics of individual elements are retained
A
Mixture
11
Q
Can be separated by physical means
A
Mixtures
12
Q
two types of bonds
A
Covalent and ionic
13
Q
Leads to electrically charged compounds
A
Ionic
14
Q
The most basic chemical compound
A
Water
15
Q
element that is important in the life structure and processes
A
Carbon
16
Q
Single units
A
Monomers
17
Q
Long chains
A
polymers
18
Q
Other term used to refer to carbohydrates
A
Sugar
19
Q
Carbohydrates depending in number of units of sugar
A
Monosaccharides
Disaccharides
Polysaccharides
20
Q
Provides insulation and secondary energy
A
Lipids
21
Q
Also commonly known as fats and oils
A
fats and oils
22
Q
Proteins are derived from the Greek word of _____ meaning of importance
A
Proteios
23
Q
Building blocks of amino acids
A
Proteins
24
Q
Hastens chemical reactions
A
enzymes
25
Storage of genetic information of organisms
Nucleic acid
26
Smaller subunits of nucleic acids
Nucleotides
27
Person who tried to put together lenses inside a cylinder
Galilleo Galilei
28
Observed thin layer of cork with microscope
Robert Hooke
29
Study of the cell
Cytology
30
Produced the first compound microscope
Han and Zaccharis janssen
31
Called the structures as "cells"
Robert Hooke
32
Observed living cells which he called as animacules
Anton Van leeuwenhoek
33
Described the binary fission of plants
Barthelemy Dumortier of France
34
Discovered that plant parts are made of cells
Matthias Schleiden
35
Discovered that animal parts are made of cells
Theodor Schwann
36
Stated that living cells come only from other living cells
Rudolph Virchow
37
Cell theory
All organisms are made up of cells
Cells are the basic unit of life
All cells come from pre-existing cells
The chemical composition of cells are alike
genetic pieces are found inside the cells
Each cells maintains its individuality
38
Protector of unwanted materials for the cell
Cell membrane
39
Model of cell membrane
Fluid Mosaic Model
40
Gel-like substance within the cells
Cytoplasm
41
membrane-bound components
Organelles
42
Control center of the cell
Nucleus
43
Holds the RNA
Nucleotides
44
Site of cellular respiration
Mitochondria
45
Processor of either fats and proteins
Endoplasmic reticulum
46
Proteins synthesis
Rough Endoplasmic reticulum
47
Fat and lipid synthesis
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
48
Packages cellular products
Golgi complex
49
Digests food and waste materials
Lysosomes
50
Provides cellular integrity
Cytoskeletons
51
Anchorage of organelles
Microtubules
52
Carry substances in and out of a cell
Vesicles
53
Cells that do not have membrane-bound organelles
Prokaryotic cells
54
For storage of materials such as starch and pigments
Plastids
55
True or false: does plants have small vacuoles
Plants have large vacuoles
56
True or False: Centrioles are present in plant cells
False
57
True or False: Cells are the basic unit of life
True
58
True or False: Robert Hooke was the first person to use a microscope
False
59
True or False: Plant cells have centrioles needed for cellular division
False
60
True or False: Cell membrane is a unique feature of animal cells
False
61
True or False: The mitochondrion was once believed to be a separate cell, along with its chloroplast
true
62
True or False: The suicidal bag of the cell is called the lysosomes
True
63
True or False: Robert Hooke observed a complete plant cell when he sliced a cork and placed it under the microscope
False
64
True or False: Cholesterol in plant cells are important since it provides stability
true
65
True or False: The cytoplasm is an organelle
False
66
True or False: All living organisms are made up of cells
true
67
The modern cell principle
1. all organisms are composed of cells and their cellular products
2. New cells arise from pre-existing cells
3. Chemical composition and metabolic activities are basically alike in all cells
4. Each cell is made of protoplasm within a cell membrane
5. Cells contain the hereditary unit of life
6. The growth of an organism involves the growth and multiplication of cells
7. Genetic pieces of information are stored and expressed inside the cell
8. Each cell maintains its individuality while having a specific internal environment and homeostasis
68
How many are elements were known to occur naturally on earth
98 that are known
69
Because elements tend to combine with other elements to have eight electrons in its valence shell
Octet rule
70
Has uracil but no thymine
DNA
71
Has to the uracil but not _____
Thymine
72
How many elements are stable
80
73
True or false: lysosomes are common in plant cells
False
74
These cellular junctions that allow cellular transport between adjacent plant cells
Plasmodesmata
75
Uses of cell wall
Maintain internal turgidity and shape
76
Plant cells have small water vacuoles
False, they have a large vacuole that comprises almost 70-80% of cellular space to store water
77
Importance of water surface tension to plants
Responsible for holding the shape of water drops and for holding the structure together
78
Importance of the water high heat capacity
Prevent sudden rise of plant body
79
Importance of high boiling point
Enables organisms to absorb a great deal of heat before reaching boiling point
80
Low freezing point importance to plants
Enables them to absorb water despite colder temperature
81
Importance of water capillary action plants
Helps bring water up into the roots
82
Function of carbohydrates
Primary source of energy
83
Function of lipids
Help with moving and storing energy, absorbing vitamins and making hormones
84
Function of proteins
Repair and build body tissues
85
Functions of peroxisomes
Sequester diverse oxidative reactions and play important roles in metabolism
86
Functions of plastids
Manufacturing and storing food
87
Function of water vacuole
Helps maintain water balance
