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Botany Lab > Lecture 3 > Flashcards

Lecture 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Occupies space and mass

A

Matter

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2
Q

How many elements are there?

A

150 elements

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3
Q

Substance that cannot be broken down to simpler substances

A

Elements

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4
Q

What is the nucleus composed of

A

Neutrons and Protons

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5
Q

Elements with different number of neutrons

A

Isotopes

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6
Q

Chemical union between two or more elements at fixed properties

A

Compounds

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7
Q

Characteristics of individual elements are lost

A

Compounds

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8
Q

Can be separated by chemical means

A

Compounds

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9
Q

Physical union takes place

A

Mixture

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10
Q

Characteristics of individual elements are retained

A

Mixture

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11
Q

Can be separated by physical means

A

Mixtures

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12
Q

two types of bonds

A

Covalent and ionic

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13
Q

Leads to electrically charged compounds

A

Ionic

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14
Q

The most basic chemical compound

A

Water

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15
Q

element that is important in the life structure and processes

A

Carbon

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16
Q

Single units

A

Monomers

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17
Q

Long chains

A

polymers

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18
Q

Other term used to refer to carbohydrates

A

Sugar

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19
Q

Carbohydrates depending in number of units of sugar

A

Monosaccharides
Disaccharides
Polysaccharides

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20
Q

Provides insulation and secondary energy

A

Lipids

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21
Q

Also commonly known as fats and oils

A

fats and oils

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22
Q

Proteins are derived from the Greek word of _____ meaning of importance

A

Proteios

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23
Q

Building blocks of amino acids

A

Proteins

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24
Q

Hastens chemical reactions

A

enzymes

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25
Q

Storage of genetic information of organisms

A

Nucleic acid

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26
Q

Smaller subunits of nucleic acids

A

Nucleotides

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27
Q

Person who tried to put together lenses inside a cylinder

A

Galilleo Galilei

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28
Q

Observed thin layer of cork with microscope

A

Robert Hooke

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29
Q

Study of the cell

A

Cytology

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30
Q

Produced the first compound microscope

A

Han and Zaccharis janssen

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31
Q

Called the structures as “cells”

A

Robert Hooke

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32
Q

Observed living cells which he called as animacules

A

Anton Van leeuwenhoek

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33
Q

Described the binary fission of plants

A

Barthelemy Dumortier of France

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34
Q

Discovered that plant parts are made of cells

A

Matthias Schleiden

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35
Q

Discovered that animal parts are made of cells

A

Theodor Schwann

36
Q

Stated that living cells come only from other living cells

A

Rudolph Virchow

37
Q

Cell theory

A

All organisms are made up of cells
Cells are the basic unit of life
All cells come from pre-existing cells
The chemical composition of cells are alike
genetic pieces are found inside the cells
Each cells maintains its individuality

38
Q

Protector of unwanted materials for the cell

A

Cell membrane

39
Q

Model of cell membrane

A

Fluid Mosaic Model

40
Q

Gel-like substance within the cells

A

Cytoplasm

41
Q

membrane-bound components

A

Organelles

42
Q

Control center of the cell

A

Nucleus

43
Q

Holds the RNA

A

Nucleotides

44
Q

Site of cellular respiration

A

Mitochondria

45
Q

Processor of either fats and proteins

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

46
Q

Proteins synthesis

A

Rough Endoplasmic reticulum

47
Q

Fat and lipid synthesis

A

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

48
Q

Packages cellular products

A

Golgi complex

49
Q

Digests food and waste materials

A

Lysosomes

50
Q

Provides cellular integrity

A

Cytoskeletons

51
Q

Anchorage of organelles

A

Microtubules

52
Q

Carry substances in and out of a cell

A

Vesicles

53
Q

Cells that do not have membrane-bound organelles

A

Prokaryotic cells

54
Q

For storage of materials such as starch and pigments

A

Plastids

55
Q

True or false: does plants have small vacuoles

A

Plants have large vacuoles

56
Q

True or False: Centrioles are present in plant cells

A

False

57
Q

True or False: Cells are the basic unit of life

A

True

58
Q

True or False: Robert Hooke was the first person to use a microscope

A

False

59
Q

True or False: Plant cells have centrioles needed for cellular division

A

False

60
Q

True or False: Cell membrane is a unique feature of animal cells

A

False

61
Q

True or False: The mitochondrion was once believed to be a separate cell, along with its chloroplast

A

true

62
Q

True or False: The suicidal bag of the cell is called the lysosomes

A

True

63
Q

True or False: Robert Hooke observed a complete plant cell when he sliced a cork and placed it under the microscope

A

False

64
Q

True or False: Cholesterol in plant cells are important since it provides stability

A

true

65
Q

True or False: The cytoplasm is an organelle

A

False

66
Q

True or False: All living organisms are made up of cells

A

true

67
Q

The modern cell principle

A
  1. all organisms are composed of cells and their cellular products
  2. New cells arise from pre-existing cells
  3. Chemical composition and metabolic activities are basically alike in all cells
  4. Each cell is made of protoplasm within a cell membrane
  5. Cells contain the hereditary unit of life
  6. The growth of an organism involves the growth and multiplication of cells
  7. Genetic pieces of information are stored and expressed inside the cell
  8. Each cell maintains its individuality while having a specific internal environment and homeostasis
68
Q

How many are elements were known to occur naturally on earth

A

98 that are known

69
Q

Because elements tend to combine with other elements to have eight electrons in its valence shell

A

Octet rule

70
Q

Has uracil but no thymine

A

DNA

71
Q

Has to the uracil but not _____

A

Thymine

72
Q

How many elements are stable

A

80

73
Q

True or false: lysosomes are common in plant cells

A

False

74
Q

These cellular junctions that allow cellular transport between adjacent plant cells

A

Plasmodesmata

75
Q

Uses of cell wall

A

Maintain internal turgidity and shape

76
Q

Plant cells have small water vacuoles

A

False, they have a large vacuole that comprises almost 70-80% of cellular space to store water

77
Q

Importance of water surface tension to plants

A

Responsible for holding the shape of water drops and for holding the structure together

78
Q

Importance of the water high heat capacity

A

Prevent sudden rise of plant body

79
Q

Importance of high boiling point

A

Enables organisms to absorb a great deal of heat before reaching boiling point

80
Q

Low freezing point importance to plants

A

Enables them to absorb water despite colder temperature

81
Q

Importance of water capillary action plants

A

Helps bring water up into the roots

82
Q

Function of carbohydrates

A

Primary source of energy

83
Q

Function of lipids

A

Help with moving and storing energy, absorbing vitamins and making hormones

84
Q

Function of proteins

A

Repair and build body tissues

85
Q

Functions of peroxisomes

A

Sequester diverse oxidative reactions and play important roles in metabolism

86
Q

Functions of plastids

A

Manufacturing and storing food

87
Q

Function of water vacuole

A

Helps maintain water balance

Botany Lab (25 decks)

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