Lecture 2

Question 1

Ancestors of plants

Answer 1

Green algae (Charophyceae)

Question 2

How does plants limit the loss of carbohydrates due to photorespiration

Answer 2

They have cell walls that are composed of cellulose and anti-photorespiration enzymes

Question 3

a cluster of embryonic cells found on root and shoot tips

Answer 3

Apical meristem

Question 4

Characteristic of life cycle present in all land plants

Answer 4

Alteration of generations

Question 5

Where are spores produced

Answer 5

Sporangia

Question 6

Composes the walls of the spores

Answer 6

Sporopollenin

Question 7

What produces the gametes

Answer 7

Multicellular gametangia

Question 8

Study of fossil plants

Answer 8

Paleobotany

Question 9

Period where small terrestrial plants started to migrate to wet terrestrial environments

Answer 9

Ordovician period

Question 10

The period where land plants were often non-vascular with no water-conducting cells

Answer 10

Ordovician period

Question 11

Period where stomata appeared

Answer 11

Silurian period

Question 12

First vascular plants with water-conducting tubes

Answer 12

Silurian period

Question 13

Period where organ differentiation was found

Answer 13

Early Devonian

Question 14

Appearances of horsetail, conifers, mosses, and scale trees, with primitive conifers and ferns

Answer 14

Carboniferous period

Question 15

Period where advanced conifers dominated

Answer 15

Permian period

Question 16

Period where cycads and ginkoes appear with deep forests

Answer 16

Permian period

Question 17

Period where flowering plants appeared

Answer 17

Jurassic period

Question 18

Period where modern tree appeared

Answer 18

Cretaceous period

Question 19

Appearance of grass

Answer 19

Cenozoic period

Question 20

Three major epochs of plants

Answer 20

Eombryophytic, Eotracheophytic, Eutracheophytic

Question 21

Period where spore tetrads and decay-resistant walls were widespread

Answer 21

Eombryophytic

Question 22

Periods where plants employed simple spores instead of tetrads

Answer 22

Eotracheophytic

Question 23

Period of substantial increase in vascular plant diversity

Answer 23

Eutracheophytic

Question 24

Period where there is a substantial increase in vascular plant diversity

Answer 24

Eutracheophytic

Question 25

What lead to the enabling of girth among trees

Answer 25

Lignin and Lateral meristem

Question 26

Allows the conductance of carbon dioxide

Answer 26

stomata

Question 27

function of thicker seed walls

Answer 27

Prevent from drying up

Question 28

non-vascular land plants that has a flattened leafless thallus, also called as hepatics

Answer 28

Marchantiophyta

Question 29

Sporophytes that resembles a horn

Answer 29

Anthoceratophyta

Question 30

Plants with simples leaves with one cell layer attached to the stem

Answer 30

Bryophyta

Question 31

Vascular plants with microphylls

Answer 31

Lycophyta

Question 32

Vascular plants that reproduce via spores and have neither seeds nor flowers

Answer 32

Pteridophyta

Question 33

produce naked seeds

Answer 33

Cycadophyta

Question 34

monotypic taxon with only one extant

Answer 34

Gingkophyta

Question 35

Cone-bearing seed plants

Answer 35

Pinophyta

Question 36

Contains vessel elements similar to flowering plants

Answer 36

gnetophyta

Question 37

seed-producing plants

Answer 37

Magnoliophyta

Question 38

True or False: One of the problems encountered by plants during their migration to terrestrial environments was the dry and exposed environments

Answer 38

True

Question 39

True or False: Charophyceae was the closest relative of the land plants

Answer 39

True

Question 40

The stomata were an evolutionary novelty shared with algae

Answer 40

False

Question 41

Many of the plants we know today evolved during the Cretaceous period

Answer 41

True

Question 42

Terrestrial plants evolved vascular systems in response to the lack of immediate source of water in its surroundings

Answer 42

True

Question 43

Regulate gas exchange between plant and environment

Answer 43

Stomata

Question 44

What allowed the plants to break free from their dependence in water

Answer 44

Plant spores

Question 45

What does the seed do to the plant

Answer 45

The seed protects the embryo from harsh environmental conditions

Question 46

What does the waxy layer of the pansit-pansitan do?

Answer 46

reduces the rate of water lost from the leaf structure

Question 47

Difference of vascular bundles in monocots and dicots

Answer 47

Dicots have vascular bundles arranged in a ring, while monocots have xylem that is not confined in the center of the plant.

Question 48

One single and unbranched leaf vein

Answer 48

Lycophyta

Question 49

Also called hepatics

Answer 49

Marchantiophyta

Question 50

Examples of marchantiophyta

Answer 50

Liverworts

Question 51

Anthoceratophyta examples

Answer 51

Hornworts

Question 52

Bryophyta samples

Answer 52

Mosses

Question 53

Lycophytes are vascular plants with ________

Answer 53

Microphylls

Question 54

Examples of Lycophyta

Answer 54

Club mosses

Question 55

Pteridophyta have neither seeds nor flowers; leaves are complex called ________

Answer 55

Megaphylls

Question 56

Examples of pteridophyta

Answer 56

Ferns, Whisks, Ferns, and Horsetail

Question 57

Examples of cycadophyta

Answer 57

Cycads

Question 58

Examples of ginkophyta

Answer 58

Ginkgo

Question 59

Examples of Pinophyta

Answer 59

Conifers

Question 60

Gnetophyta examples

Answer 60

Gnetophytes

Question 61

Magnoliophyta examples

Answer 61

Flowering plants

Question 62

These spores form from the meiosis of _________ in the _________

Answer 62

Sporocytes in the sporangium