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PSYC 310 > lecture 3 > Flashcards

lecture 3 Flashcards

1
Q

what are the four main types of intelligence theories

A

psychometric
cognitive
cognitive-contextual
biological

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2
Q

where did psychometric theories stem from

A

studying individual differences in performance on cognitive tests

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3
Q

once the iq test scores are analyzed, we find

A

underlying cognitive ability ie factors eg verbal ability, reasoning

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4
Q

caveats of psychomentric testing

A

results of such approach depend crucially on sampling of tests used

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5
Q

resulting psychometric theories are interwined with…

A

selected mathematical techniques used to analyze the correlational data

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6
Q

what are typical questions in psychometric theories

A

what is the structure of human intelligence and what is importance of general intelligence

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7
Q

main theories of psychometric theories

A

spearmans g
thurstone primary ability
chc model

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8
Q

spearmans two factor theory

A

first to develop theory of intelligence based on psychometrics and performed his own experiment in 1904

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9
Q

what were the measures of intelligence in spearmans experiment

A

school achievment- school achievment corrected for age- teachers impressions of students and common sense as evaluated by interview

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10
Q

meausres of spearmans experiment

A

discrimination of pitches, shades of gray and weights

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11
Q

what did spearman assume

A

all measures of sensory discrimination and intelligence should be perfectly intercorrelated

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12
Q

given spearmans assumptions, what did he do with his data

A

corrected the correlation so that it was a 1.00 correlation which was overcorrection making the data unreliable

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13
Q

what did spearman believe

A

intelligence is unitary and interpersonal difference in intelligence

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14
Q

what is g

A

not clear, could be what is common to all tests of intellectual ability; could be neural plasticity of the blood; g is mental enegery

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15
Q

two factors theory of intelligence

A

g- general intelligence, genetic, stable, necessary for all intellectual tasks
s- specific ability related to task, skills can be developed, tasks have various g loading

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16
Q

thurstone disagreed with spearman about what

A

single overarching g factor

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17
Q

thurstones view on g

A

the mind was dominated by several group factors

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18
Q

thurstone colected data from 240 students doing 56 ability tests what did he find

A

7-9 factors

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19
Q

what did thurstone use for his belief in g

A

used a confirmatory factor analysis technique

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20
Q

what was factor analysis role in thurstones theory

A

reveal the independent factors then knowing them can develop tests assessing them

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21
Q

vernon added to the debate how

A

hierarchical models - multilevel - the structure of human abilities

22
Q

cattells views

A

supervised by spearman - view as highly shaped by environment

23
Q

what was cattell not a fan of

A

notion of a general factor of intelligence

24
Q

cattel introduced the notion that

A

deterioration in adults was not uniform across all tests but differential

25
Q

according to cattell was showed the least decline across lifespan

A

vocabulary, information, verbal comprehension

26
Q

according to cattell what showed the greatest declines across lifespan

A

speeded tasks, abstract problem-solving, unfamiliar performances

27
Q

the former became referred to as…. and latter…

A

crystallized and fluid

28
Q

cattells investment theory

A

people invest their fluid intelligence to acquire specific skills, strategies and knowledge in all kinds of fields

29
Q

horn

A

cattells doctoral students and suggested other forms of intelligence exist beyond Gc Gf

30
Q

gv spatial intelligence includes

A

vz, s, cf, cs, dft

31
Q

vz stabds for

A

visualization; process of imagining the way objects may change as they move in space

32
Q

s stands for

A

spatial orientation; maintaining orientation with respect to objects in space

33
Q

cf/cs stand for

A

flexibility closer/ speed closure keeping configurations in mind and finding the gestalt among disparate parts in visual field

34
Q

dft stands for

A

adaptive flexibility; maintaining a flexibility concerning other possible structuring of elements in space

35
Q

gs general speediness includes

A

sc, wf, p

36
Q

sc stands for

A

speed copying

37
Q

wf stands for

A

writing flexibility

38
Q

p stands for

A

perceptual speed

39
Q

horn that Gs was the by product of

A

of difficult the test is to a person

40
Q

horn though that gs is measured

A

mostly purely simple writing and checking tasks

41
Q

horns view on g

A

did not agree with the value of g; rejects the notion that general intelligence esists whether comprised of one or two gs

42
Q

the gf-gc theory to horn

A

questions the belief that conglomerate measured by combining subscores from a collection of intelliectual tests in the best estimate of intelligence

43
Q

horn adds more factors such as

A

glr -fluency of retrieval long term storage
gsm- short term apprehension and retrieval
ga- auditory processing
gq- math and quantitative abilities
grw- reading and writing ability
cds- correct decision speed, rapidity in providing correct not merely quick responses

44
Q

carrolls three stratum model

A

alanyzed 2000 datasets - wanted to provide extensions to and expansions of existing theoretical models

45
Q

what were carrolls analysis on his model

A

exploratory not confirmed- insisted upon the use of exploratory rather than confirmatory because he wished to allow the data to speak for itself

46
Q

what does carroll do with the chc model

A

further develops it - three stratum model - includes a strtum above essentially the same as g

47
Q

what did carrolls analysis reveal at the narrow ability level

A

65 primary first-order factors

48
Q

what did carrolls analysis reveal at the broader ability level

A

only 8 broad abilities

49
Q

mcgrew analysis

A

joint confirmatory factor analyses and found 9 broad abilities and 36 narrow

50
Q

mcgrews newest version of chc theory is currently

A

being used to revise the factorial structure of IQ test and their subtests

51
Q

shows all tests in IQ battery.. to correlate

A

tend; tendency for all scores to be in the same range for one person

PSYC 310 (13 decks)

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