Lecture 3 Flashcards
What is epigenetics?
Studying how the environment influences our genes.
Is retraining affected by how fit you once were?
No.
What do training and retraining have in common?
The rate of each are the mirror image of the other. You recovery or training improvement will slow down the closer you get to your genetic ceiling.
Why is it good to test fitness before and after a bed rest study?
Don’t want any stimulus that could elicit adaptation during the study.
Why is it more devastating if an fit individual takes time off from training?
Can lose all adaptations in all 3 weeks- because they are starting fitter, they are less sensitive to training and show smaller improvement over a time period.
How is muscle function effected by detraining or bed rest?
There is a loss in force and power, change in fibre type- more fast fatigue fibres but actually an increase in shortening velocity.
Why does your strength have a faster recovery?
Because some muscle adaptations like more mitochondria stay and therefore you kind of have an advantage when you start.
What factors effect one’s training outcome?
Gender Age Initial Fitness Injury History Obesity General Health Nutritional Status Genes
What do genes effect in terms of fitness?
They account for 50% of the difference in default fitness and training sensitivity.
Why do swimmers sweat less than other athletes? What is a consequence of this?
When they are in the water, they don’t need to sweat because water does the thermoregulation for them, keeps them cool during their event.
Swimmers have poor thermoregulation and lower blood volumes than other athletes because there is no plasma expansion.
What is the general rule when it comes to central and peripheral adaptations?
The nature of the adaptation is specific to the nature of the stimulus.
What is specificity of training?
The more closely the training effort mimics a sport or activity the greater will be the functional improvement in that sport or activity.
What contributes to females producing less force?
Same force per CSA but can activate less motor units.
What is the most important factor for positive muscular adaptations?
The speed at which you do the contracting. Concentric are the best.
