Lecture 26 Asteridae: Campanulids: Asteraceae

Question 1

Order Asterales

Answer 1

11 families

family Asteraceae

Question 2

4 largest families of angiosperms

Answer 2

Asteraceae (composite head)

Orchidaceae (orchids)

Fabaceae (beans)

Poaceae (grass)

Question 3

Asteraceae

Answer 3

Sunflower family 23,000 species, 1,500 genera AKA Compositae

Question 4

Flowers of Asteraceae

Answer 4

inflorescence is a head (Compositae)

that simulates a flower but is a composite aggregate head

subtended by involucral bracts (phyllaries)

Epigynous flowers, actino or zygomorphic

sepals modified into a pappus (fine bristles, help w/ dispersal)

If actinomorphic–>disk flower

If zygomorphic–> bilabiate or liguate (if unilabiate)

Anthers connate (syngenesious)

Question 5

Plunger Pollination Mechanism

Answer 5

anthers mature 1st and release pollen to interior

anther tube elongating

style pushes pollen out of anther tube,

now available to pollinators

Style branches separate and stigmas become receptive to pollen

Temporal separation of male and female parts means it is protadrous

Question 6

Economic Significance of Asteraceae (need to know) They are largest family of angiosperms, but not that significant

Answer 6

Lactuceae-- Lettuce

endive produces chicory (coffee)

endive–>salad green escarole and radicchio family

Carduae –artichoke and safflower–cooking oil

family Heliantheae sunflower (oil, seeds) jerusalem artichoke–edible tuber

Question 7

Inulin

Answer 7

carb storage in Asterales affects taste of jerusalem artichoke, tastes like artichoke

Question 8

Ornamental Asteraceae

Answer 8

black eyed susan, marigold, aster, chrysanthemum, dahlia, zinnia

Question 9

Weedy Asteraceae

Answer 9

dandelion, ragweed (allergy causing. goldenrod does NOT cause allergies, it is not wind pollinated)

Question 10

Dendrosenecio

Answer 10

Mt. Kilimanjaro origination. Giant senecios

Question 11

Asteraceae Floral Formula

Answer 11