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Vascular Plants B300 Final > Lecture 25 Asteridae: Lamiids: Solanaceae and Lamiaceae > Flashcards

Lecture 25 Asteridae: Lamiids: Solanaceae and Lamiaceae Flashcards

1
Q

Subclass Asteridae

A

dogwood

blueberries

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2
Q

Order solanales

Family Solanaceae

A

(potato family)

within Lamiids

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3
Q

Order Lamiales

Family Lamiaceae

A

mint family

within Lamiids

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4
Q

important families in Order Solanales

A

5 families :

Convolvulaceae (morning glory, sweet potato)

Solanaceae (nightshade)

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5
Q

Family Solanaceae

A

2,950 species, 94 genera

Flowers perfect, actinomorphic, hypgenous

Chinese Lantern

tomato

stamens epipetalous (adnate to corrola)

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6
Q

Epipetalous

A

attached to corrolla

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7
Q

Terminal pores

A

anthers dihesce by these in Solanaceae

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8
Q

Floral Formula Solanaceae

A
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9
Q

Solanaceae fruit

A

typically a berry –tomato

sometimes a capsule

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10
Q

Economically important Solanaceae (need to know)

A

Most species are poisonous

tobacco

belladonna

mandrake

jimsonweed

Potato

eggplant

tomato

ground cherry

paprika, cayenne, chili, bell pepper, pimento

spices are the fruit (berries) of these species

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11
Q

The potato

A

native to Andes of South America

fungal blight of 1845 in Ireland .5 million dead

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12
Q

The tomato

A

native to South America, cultivated in mexico

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13
Q

Most common ornimental plant of Solanaceae

A

Petunia

(Physalis and Solanum petunias are native to Indiana)

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14
Q

important families in Order Lamiales

A

Lamiaceae (sage, rosemary, thyme, savory, oregano, basil, spearmint)

Oleaceae —olives

Verbenaceae —verbena

Pedaliaceae —sesame

Plantaginaceae–plantain

Scrophulariaceae –figwort

Orobanchaceae (broomrape)

Bigoniaceae (catalpa and trumpet creeper)

Lentibulariaceae (bladderwort)

Antirrhinum (snapdragon)

Gesneriaceae (African Violet)

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15
Q

Family Lamiaceae

A

Mint family (Lamiaceae) also calld Labiatae (like labia) because of its zygomorphic lips of its flower

6,700 species and 250 genera

stem usually square

leaves opposite, simple, lacking stipules

commonly produce ethereal oils

Flowers hypogenous, perfect, Zygomorphic

Flowers apparent in false whorls (verticils)

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16
Q

flowers of Lamiaceae

A

Inflorescence –axillary cymes

stamens epipetalous, frequently staminoid (vestigial)

17
Q

Verticil

A

whorl or circular arrangement of similar parts around an axis along upper stem in axils or bracts

18
Q

Floral Formula of Lamiaceae

A
19
Q

Fruit of Lamiaceae

A

Drupe with 4 pyrenes or 4 1 seeded nutlets

20
Q

Genus Salvia

A

Sage,

21
Q

Pollination of Lamiaceae (Labiatae, lips)

A

Insects seeking nectar land on nectafarious disk at base of ovary

Insect thrusts head into throat of corrolla and pushes on sterile anther, pivoting it upward

fertile half of anther pivots downward despositing pollen

Pollen contacts stigma when going to next flower

22
Q

Economically valuable Lamiaceae (need to know)

A

sage, rosemary, thyme, oregano, marjoram, basil, savory, spearmint, peppermint (sterile hybrid of spearmint)

ppl don’t eat: catnip, carpet bugle, gill-over-the-ground, mint, heal-all (prunella)

Native:

wood-mint, water-horehound, bee-balm, mountain-mint, skullcap, germander

23
Q

Economically important solonales (need to know)

A

coca–Erthroxylaceae—cocaine

Cacao–Malvaceae s.l.: —therobromine in chocolate

Cola–Malvaceae s.l. —caffine

Tea–Theaceae

Coffee–Rubiaceae

henbane, belladonna, mandrake–solanaceae

24
Q

Alkaloids of solanaceae

A

muscle spasms and used in psychiatry, increase heartrate so used for cardiac problems, infections, UTI , parkinsons

Solanaceae–analgesics

tropane alkaloids from belladonna, uised to dialate eyes (pretty woman) now used in eye exams

Alkaloids helpful with nerve gas poisoning

palyed a role in Hamlet and Romeo&juliet

used as murderous poisons and as recreational drugs! What a fun family.

25
Q
A

Lamiaceae, mint family, zygomorphic, hypogynous, perfect

26
Q
A

epipetalous, perfect, actinomorphic, hypogynous

Vascular Plants B300 Final (11 decks)

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