lecture 24: Rosidae: Malvids: Brassicaceae

Question 1

Order Brassicales

Answer 1

has 18 families

15 families seen in lab 10

Focus on Brassicaceae

we get capers from Capparaceae

papaya from Caricaceae

Question 2

Family Brassicaceae, mustard family

Answer 2

also called Cruciferae because 4-merous flowers make a cross (like crucifix)

Question 3

Capparaceae is phylogenetically related to the Brassicaceae how?

Answer 3

Capparaceae is paraphyletic relative to the Brassicaceae

Question 4

Replum

Answer 4

a partition in the ovary that separates 2 locules in the Brassicaceae

Question 5

Brassicaceae Floral Formula

Answer 5

Question 6

Brassicaceae Fruit

Answer 6

Silique or silicle (special Capsule)–dry,dehiscent fruit

2-many carpellate

more than 2x long as wide (silique)

less than 2x as long as wide (silicle)

sides fall off

seeds temporarily attached to replum

Question 7

Mustard Oils

Answer 7

isothiocyanates formed by reaction of glucosinates with the enzyme myrosinase (stored in myrosin cells)

Give pungent taste to mustard, cabbage, watercress, radish, horseradish

they disrupt insect metabolism so defend against herbivory

cabbage butterflies have evolved defenses to this

more veggies are produced by modifications to this family than any other family

Question 8

Economically important Brassicaceae (need to know)

Answer 8

mouse-ear-cress–used in vascular plant biology

horseradish

radish

watercress

bok-choi

rape, rapeseed oil, canola oil

black mustard

white mustard

turnip

rutabega–originated as cross btwn turnip and cabbage

Brassica oleracea ::

kale, cabbage (saukraut), brussel sprouts, kohlrabi, cauliflower, broccoli, forage kale–all same species

Question 9

Brassicaseae 1 highly bred species produces:

Answer 9

kale, cabbage (saukraut), brussel sprouts, kohlrabi, cauliflower, broccoli, forage kale