Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Vascular Plants B300 Final > Lecture 21 Magnoliidae: Primitive Angiosperms > Flashcards

Lecture 21 Magnoliidae: Primitive Angiosperms Flashcards

1
Q

order of evolution of angiosperms?

A

1) 1st angiosperms were dicots
2) monocots evolved from dicots
3) advanced dicots evolved from primitive dicots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How many extant species and genera, families and orders of angiosperms exist?

A

12,000 genera 260,000 species 450 families 50 orders

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Phylogenetic relationship of magnoliidae to monocots and to dicots?

A

magnoliidae are paraphyletic to monocots and other subclasses of dicots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What clade is sister to all other extant angiosperms?

A

Amborella

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Three early orders of Magnoliidae?

A

Amborellales, Nymphales, Austrobaileys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Order Amborellales

Family Amborellaceae

Genus Amborella

comprises how many species?

A

only 1, A. trichopoda

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does Amborella trichopoda sugguest about the earliest angiosperms?

A

They were dioceious

undifferentiated perianth

incompletely fused carpels with a stigmatic crest

monoaerturate pollen

woody, lacked vessels

did not produce ethereal oils

small, spirally arranged actinomorphic, hypogenous flowers

neither connate nor adnate

indefinite # of leaf-like stamens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Order Nymphales

Family Cabombaceae

Family Nympheaceae

Genus Nymphea

Genus Nuphar

A

Genus Nymphaea=water lilly

Genus Nuphar= yellow water lilly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Nymphales

A

aquatic, herbaceous perennials

stems as rhizomes

perfect actinomorphic flowers

indefinite # of spirally arranged parts

perianth not differentiated into sepals and petals

pollen monoapaturate or lacks apatures

parts never adnate, but sometimes connate no woody growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Order Austrobaileyaceae

Family Austrobaileyaceae

Family Trimeniaceae

Family Illiciaceae

Family Schisandraceae comprise the Austrobaileyales

A

fewer than 100 species in these 4 families

perfect, actinomorphic flowers

indefinite # of spirally arranged parts

perianth not differentiated into petals and sepals

stamens not well differentiated carpels have stigmatic crest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

pollen of

Family Illiciaceae

Family Schisandraceae

of the Austrobaileyales

A

triaperaturate, but not organized like eudicots because it evolved independently

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where did angiosperms originate?

A

Amborella and the Austrobaileyales suggest the eastern part of the super continent Gondwanaland

The current southern hemisphere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Magnoliids

A

4 orders:

Magnoliales

Laurales

Canellales

Piperales

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Laurales

Lauraceae

A

Lauraceae->provide avocado, bay leaves, cinnamon

Calycanthus (sweetshrub)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Canellales

A

Drimys in Winteraceae

lacks vessels in xylem

undifferentiated stamens

has carpels folded but not fused

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Piperales

A

Piper (Piperaceae) black pepper and peperomia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Order Magnoliales

A

6 families

Annonaceae

Myristicaceae

Degeneriaceae

Magnoliaceae.

many, but not all of the magnoliales produce ethereal oils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Order Magnoliales

Family Annonaceae

A

Asimina triloba

the pawpaw tree which produces “Indiana bananas”

19
Q

Family Myristicaceae

A

Myristica fragans

nutmeg and mace

20
Q

Family Degeneriaceae

A

1 species, Degeneria vitiensis

21
Q

Family Magnoliaceae

A

220 species of trees/shrubs mainly native to asia but grown as ornimentals:

Magnolias and tulip trees have

pleisomorphic floral features

suggest that early angiosperms had the same features

22
Q

Magnolia flowers

A

perfect, actinomorphic flowers

undifferentiated perianth

6-many separate tepals

indefinite # stamens and pistils

each carpel of a flower becomes a separate fruit–a follicle (many pistils per flower,)

there are many follicles per flower, and each flower produces an aggregate of many fruits

23
Q

Follicle

A

dry, dehiscent fruit

formed from a 1-carpellate ovary

opening along only 1 side

follicle opens, the seeds remain dangling their funiculi

24
Q

Family Magnoliaceae

Genus Liriodendron

A

Tulip tree is the state tree of indiana

25
Q

Tulip tree flowers

A

perfect and actinomorphic

perianth differentiated into 3 sepals and 6 petals pistils

aggregate fruits (samaras)

26
Q

Samara

A

dry, indehiscent fruit in which the ovary wall develops a wing aiding in wind dispersal

27
Q

Flowers of magnoliid families

A

magnolia and tulip tree:

1) have their parts, particularly stamens and carpels attached to receptacle in spiral arrangement
2) perfect, actinomophic and hypogenous
3) free distinct parts, no adnation or connation
4) numerous # of stamens and pistils produce aggregate fruits

magnolia has tepals

tulip has 3 sepals, 6 petals

28
Q

Why does Nymphaeales tell us little about evolutionary origin of angiosperms?

A

there is no evidence the common ancestor of angiosperms were aquatic

so the features of the Nymphaeales tells us more about their adaptation to an aquatic environment

lack of woody growth doesn’t tell us whether common ancestor had vessel elements or tracheids

29
Q
A

Amborella trichopoda (amborella) the only extant species in the order Amborellales. The only extant sister to all other angiosperms

30
Q
A

Nymphaea, water lilly

31
Q
A
32
Q

Cinnamon

A

Lauraceae

33
Q

Avocado, bay leaves, cinnamon

A

Lauraceae

34
Q

black pepper

A

Piperaceae

35
Q

pawpaw “Indiana Banana”

A

Annonaceae

36
Q

Nutmeg, mace

A

Myristicaceae

37
Q

Tulip tree

A

Magnoliaceae

38
Q
A

tulip tree

39
Q
A

Magnolia tree

40
Q

mace

A

dried fleshy outgrowth called an aril.

family myristicaceae

gives donuts their taste

41
Q

nutmeg

A

Myristicaceae

42
Q

aril

A

outgrowth of the funiculus or outer integument

43
Q

Mint family

A

Lamiaceae

44
Q

cloves

A

Myrtaceae family

(dried flower buds)

Vascular Plants B300 Final (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions