Lecture 24: Synaptic Network Integration Flashcards
What are the 4 main neurotransmitters?
Acetylcholine, Norepinephrine/noradrenaline, GABA, Glutamate.
Is GABA inhibitory or excitatory?
Inhibitory.
How does meth work?
Increase concentration of noradrenaline, dopamine and serotonin. This stimulates a fight/flight response and stimulates reward centres. Highly neurotoxic.
What are the 2 excitatory neurotransmitters?
Acetylcholine and glutamate - both cause DEPOLARISATION.
ACh - nerves, muscles, glands.
Glutamate: Brain
What two potential changes can excitatory transmitters cause?
Action potential or EPSP
What potential change do inhibitory transmitters cause (GABA)
IPSP, Hyperpolarisation.
What does GABA stand for?
gamma amino butyric acid.
What two types of potential summation occur in neurons?
Spatial summation and temporal summation.
What is spatial summation?
Summation of local synaptic potentials across space (i.e. potentials in different dendrites)
What is temporal summation?
Summation of local synaptic potentials over time. (I.e. if multiple action potentials occur in sequence, can add together).
____ ______ is transmitted if the total potential is above threshold at the ______ _____.
ACTION POTENTIAL is transmitted if the total potential is above threshold at the AXON HILLOCK.
Multiple EPSP’s may add up to reach ______.
Threshold.
What is the purpose of having info from a single sensory organ diverge to arrive at different brain regions?
Redundancy, and control points.
What is the purpose of having info from different brain regions converge on a single motor neuron?
Opportunity to amplify signals, and control points.
Why does salt cause fresh frog legs to move?
Increased external Na+ concentration makes neurons more excitable, driving for Na+ entry will be greater, releasing ACh from the boutons.
