Lecture 24- Anatomical Terminology

Question 1

What is the anatomical position?

Answer 1

Face forward, arms by sides with palms facing forward, lower limbs together with feet parallel.

Question 2

Why do we need the anatomical position?

Answer 2

Makes referencing structures easier

Question 3

Medial saggital vs parasaggital?

Answer 3

Medical saggital straight down the midline parasaggital off the midline

Question 4

Positional terms?

Answer 4

They are relative to other structures

Question 5

Distal and proximal

Answer 5

Elbow distal to shoulder but proximal to wrist

Question 6

Terms of laterality?

Answer 6

Structures on same side= ipsilateral

Structures on opposite side= contralateral

Question 7

What is dextracardia?

Answer 7

Heart on opposite side

Question 8

What is situs inversus?

Answer 8

Visceral organs on opposite side

Question 9

How do movements occur?

Answer 9

At joints

Ina given plane

With reference to anatomical position

Question 10

Flexion vs extension?

Answer 10

Flexion decreases angle at joint while extension extends it

Question 11

Abduction vs adduction

Answer 11

Abduction is movement away from the midline and adduction is towards the midline

Question 12

Lateral rotation vs medial rotation

Answer 12

Later away from body

Medial toward body

Question 13

What is circumduction?

Answer 13

Combination of flexion, extension, abduction and adduction

Question 14

Pronate vs supinate?

Answer 14

Pronation= to show back of forearm

Supination- show front of forearm

Lying on front= prone

Lying on back= supine

Question 15

Specialised hand terms?

Answer 15

Fingers away= abduction
Fingers towards centre= adduction

Thumb away= extension
Thumb towards= flexion

Thumb and little finger away= opposition

Thumb and little finger towards= reposition

Question 16

Specialised ankle terms?

Answer 16

Dorsiflexion= toes to sky

Plantarflexion= toes to floor

Rolling foot towards midline=inversion

Rolling foot away from midline= eversion