Lecture 20

Question 1

I. Family Systems Concepts

families are o__ systems that consist of i__ parts

b_-d__ relationships
–individuals a__ each other

Family members affect each other d__ and i__
e.g., t__ party effects

families are also d__

• important e__
• children & parents d__

Answer 1

organized, interdependent

bi-directional, affect

directly, indirectly
-third

dynamic
events
develop

Question 2

F__ are primary context for socialization of children:

-Process through which children acquire the v__, s__, s__, k__ and b__ appropriate for their c__.

Answer 2

families

values, standards, skills, knowledge, behaviors, culture

Question 3

Parenting styles can be described using two dimensions: warmth and control

Baumrind’s four parenting styles and features:

authoritative: __ control, __ warmth (“Share the toy because it is important to take turns and share what we have.”)
authoritarian: __ control, __ warmth (“Share the toy right now because I said so.”)
permissive: __ control, __ warmth (“Share the toy if you feel like it.”)
uninvolved: __ control, __ warmth (“I don’t care what you do with the toy.”)

Authoritative parenting is considered the most a__ style.

Answer 3

high, high

high, low

low, high

low, low

adaptive

Question 4

Child outcomes associated with the four parenting styles:

Children of authoritative parents:
Children are m__, s__-c__, popular with p__, and are low in p__ behavior.

Children of authoritarian parents:
Low in s__ and a__ competence, un__ and un__, have difficulties coping with s__.

Children of permissive parents:
I__, low in s__ achievement, high in p__ behavior, including d__/a__ use.

Children of uninvolved parents:
Fare the w__ and lots of problems across a_ a__ that worsen in a__.

Answer 4

mature, self-confident, peers, problem

social, academic, unhappy, unfriendly, stress

impulsive, school, problem, drug/alcohol

worst, all areas, adolescence

Question 5

Discipline– set of s__ and b__ parents use to t__ children to b__ appropriately.

Answer 5

strategies, behaviors, teach, behave

Question 6

Effective discipline fosters i__

–a p__ change in the child’s b__ because the child has l__ and a__ the d__ behavior

Answer 6

internalization

permanent, behavior, learned, accepted, desired

Question 7

III. Discipline

What’s effective?
I___:
-Reasoning focused on the e__ of a behavior on o__ p__.
-Promotes u__ and e__.

What’s less effective?
P___:
-negative s__ that follows a b__ to reduce the likelihood that a behavior will o__ again

-M__ punishment can provide p__ needed for i__

Answer 7

induction
effects, other people
understanding, empathy

punishment
stimulus, behavior, occur
mild, pressure, internalization

Question 8

Spanking– a form of p__ punishment (open h__ or o__)

Does not i\_\_ children’s b\_\_
Increases risk for n\_\_ outcomes
M\_\_ h\_\_ problems
Poor p\_\_-c\_\_ relationships
Lower s\_\_-e\_\_
Lower c\_\_ ability 
P\_\_ a\_\_

Answer 8

physical, hand, object

improve, behavior
negative 
mental health
parent-child
self-esteem
cognitive
physical abuse

Question 9

attitudes toward spanking:

Slow change: The percentage of adults who agree or strongly agree that it is sometimes necessary to give a child a “good, hard spanking” has dipped only s__ in almost t__ years.

Answer 9

slightly, thirty

Question 10

Three limitations in research on parenting:

Limitation #1: C__ differences in parenting

Do parenting styles mean the same thing across cultures?

association between a__ parenting and p__ child adjustment is w__ in China

Chinese mothers’ parenting looks more a__, but not related to n__ child outcomes

Answer 10

cultural

authoritative, positive, weaker

authoritarian, negative

Question 11

Three limitations in research on parenting:

Limitation #2: Do parents always share the same s__?

Coparenting– the extent to which parents s__ vs. u__ each other’s parenting

c__ quality at 3 years–> child a__ at 4 years

Answer 11

styles

support, undermine

coparenting, adjustment

Question 12

Three limitations in research on parenting:

Limitation #3: Do all children respond to parenting the same?

Temperament & Parenting

• child’s f__ (t__)
• quality of m__-c__ relationship
• mothers’ g__ d__
• children’s c__ development

Strong conscience predicted by:

• Gentle discipline for f__ children
• Good mother-child relationship for f__ children

Answer 12

respond

fearfulness (temperament)
mother-child
gentle discipline
conscience

fearful
fearless