lecture 2 pg 34-44 Flashcards
which muscles cover the upper part of the anterior thoracic regions and spread posteriorly to cover most of the posterior thoracic region? (these muscles are divided into three distinct groups.)
Shoulder muscles
the three distinct divisions of the shoulder muscles?
- originate from the vertebral column or skull and insert on the shoulder girdle or humerus
- originate on the thoracic wall and insert on the shoulder girdle of humerus
- originate on the scapula and insert on the humerus
the five muscles that originate on the vertebral column?
- Trapezius
- Rhomboid Major
- Rhomboid Minor
- Levator Scapula
- Latissimus Dorsi
what is the large muscle that covers the posterior cervical and thoracic region. its named because the right and left muscles form a four sided figure known as a trapezoid?
Trapezius
which muscle has the origin of the external occipital protuberance, the superior nuchal line, ligamentous nuchae, and (C7-T12) spines of the thoracic vertebrae?
Trapezius
what is the origin of the Trapezius?
external occipital protuberance
superior nuchal line
ligamentous nuchae
(C7-T12) spines of the thoracic vertebrae
what is the insertion of the trapezius?
Clavicle
Acromion process and spine of the scapula
what is the muscle with the insertion at the clavicle and the acromion process and spine of the scapula?
trapezius
what are the three actions of the trapezius?
- stabilizes the scapula (holds in anatomical position)
- upper portion; elevates the scapula
- middle and lower portions: adducts the scapula
what is the motor innervation of the Trapezius?
the spinal accesory nerve
cranial XI
what is the sensory nerve innervation for the trapezius?
C4 and C5
what is trapezius palsy?
weakness of the muscle
- A deepening of the shoulder on the affected side.
- Shoulder drops on the affected side
which part of the trapezius is commonly involved in whiplash injuries?
the superior portion
describe the clinical examination to test for the XI Cranial nerve?
have patient elevate their shoulders against resistance. both sides should be tested at the same time, so weakness of one side can be evaluated relative to the other side.
what is the thin, flat muscle that is rhomboid in shape and lies deep to the trapezius?
Rhomboid Major
what is the origin of the Rhomboid Major?
(T2-T5) spines of the upper thoracic vertebrae
what is the insertion point of the rhomboid Major?
vertebral border of the scapula
what is the muscle that lies superior and parallel to the rhomboid major, with which it is sometimes fused?
Rhomboid minor
what is the origin of the rhomboid minor?
(C7,T1) spines of lower cervical and first thoracic vertebrae
what is the muscle found on the side of the neck, deep to the superior portion of the Trapezius?
Levator Scapula
what is the origin of the Levator Scapula?
(C1-C4) transverse process of the upper cervicals
what is the insertion of the Rhomboid Minor?
Vertebral border of the scapula
what is the insertion of the Levator scapula?
Superior Angle of the scapula
what are the three actions of the Levator Scapula?
- Elevates the scapula
- adducts the scapula
- stabilizes the scapula