gross exam 1 practice Qs

Question 1

what is the contractile unit of a muscle?

Answer 1

myofibrils

Question 2

an increase in mscle size due to an actual increase in the number of muscle fibers is referred to as hypertrophy? true or flase

Answer 2

false

Question 3

type 1 or 2

primarily uses fatty acids to produce energy

Answer 3

type 1

Question 4

type 1 or 2

contains few mitochondria

Answer 4

type 2

Question 5

type 1 or 2

slow twitch muscles

Answer 5

type 1

Question 6

type 1 or 2

fatigues easier

Answer 6

type 2

Question 7

type 1 or 2

atrophy with immobilization

Answer 7

type 1

Question 8

I-bands (dark or Light?) contain a contractile protein that consists of (actin or Myosin?)

Answer 8

light, Actin

Question 9

during exercise lactic acid will begin to accumulate in which phase?

Answer 9

phase 3

Question 10

list the methods to increase muscle function and size?

Answer 10

carbohydrate loading, use of caffeine, blood doping, anabolic steroids

Question 11

mature human milk has the highest composition of?

Answer 11

water

Question 12

concerning the neuromuscular junction, what substance exposure would cause you not to find acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft?

Answer 12

botulin toxin

Question 13

the penetration of collagen fibers into the bone is known as?

Answer 13

shapey’s fibers

Question 14

A __________ is a thickened band of deep fascia which is found at joints and functions to bind down tendons and nerves that cross the joint

Answer 14

retinaculum

Question 15

what is the name for obstruction of arterial supply resulting in the loss of muscle fibers?

Answer 15

ischemic necrosis

Question 16

the first bone to undergo ossification in the fetus?

Answer 16

clavicle

Question 17

an undescended scapula brought about by attachment to a cervical vertebrae by either bone, cartilage or fibrous attachment is known as?

Answer 17

sprengel’s deformity

Question 18

list the four hormones that influence the development of the mammary glands that help produce milk?

Answer 18

estrogen, progesterone, prolactin, oxytocin

Question 19

extra nipples which may or may not be associated with mammary gland tissue?

Answer 19

supernumerary nipples

Question 20

what is another name for the adduction of the scapula?

Answer 20

retraction

Question 21

what cord does the median nerve come from?

Answer 21

both the medial and the lateral

Question 22

galactorrhea is a benign tumor that is much more common than cancerous growth. true or flase

Answer 22

false- chronic cystic mastitis

Question 23

a patient comes to your office with paresthesia of the medial antebracium and digits 4 & 5, you suspect subluxation irritating which spinal nerve?

Answer 23

C8

Question 24

Erb-Duchenne Palsy compromises which of the following spinal nerves?

Answer 24

C5 and C6

Question 25

an increase in size due to high resistance exercise is due to?

Answer 25

hyperplasia

Question 26

what is the name of the cell membrane that surrounds each muscle fiber?

Answer 26

endomysium

Question 27

which muscle cell organelle stores calcium ions?

Answer 27

sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 28

type 1 fibers primarily use what substrate to produce energy?

Answer 28

fatty acids

Question 29

the base of the axilla is made up of?

Answer 29

skin and fascia

Question 30

concerning the arm, the area from the shoulder joint to the elbow is defined as the?

Answer 30

anatomical arm

Question 31

the radial nerve innervates what muscle of the arm?

Answer 31

triceps brachii

Question 32

muscle spindles contain what type of the muscle fibers?

Answer 32

intrafusal

Question 33

what hormone is secreted by the ovary and placenta and promote the growth of the secretory cells of the mammary glands?

Answer 33

progesterone

Question 34

an undescended scapula is seen with what disorder?

Answer 34

sprengel's deformity

Question 35

what is the term for obstruction of arterial supply resulting in the loss of muscle fibers?

Answer 35

ischemic necrosis

Question 36

the first bone to undergo ossification in a fetus uses what kind of ossification for its primary center?

Answer 36

intramembranous ossification

Question 37

the cords of the brachial plexus are named in relation to what structure?

Answer 37

they are named to show their relation to the axillary artery

Question 38

what is the hereditary condition in which the clavicles are missing or abnormally developed?

Answer 38

cleidocranial

Question 39

what is the first secretions of a mother's mammary glands that are especially rich in immunoglobins?

Answer 39

colostrum

Question 40

what is the insertion point of the pectoralis major?

Answer 40

lateral aspect of the intertubercular groove (greater tuberosity)

Question 41

what is the term when a movement can be performed, but is weak?

Answer 41

Paresis

Question 42

a child with hyperplastic thymus may have an increased risk of developing what autoimmune disorder?

Answer 42

myasthenia gravis

Question 43

these are the collagen fibers that penetrate into the bone?

Answer 43

sharpey's fibers

Question 44

this method for increasing muscle function is also known as induced erythocytothemia?

Answer 44

blood doping

Question 45

this is a thickened band of deep fascia, which bands tendons and nerves as it crosses a joint

Answer 45

retinaculum

Question 46

what is the name of a muscle that assists the prime mover in performing its action?

Answer 46

synergists

Question 47

upon a detailed physical exam, you discover a patients thoracodorsal nerve is supplied by C5, C6 and C7 spinal nerve roots, what can be said about this patient's brachial plexus?

Answer 47

they have a prefixed brachial plexus

Question 48

what is another name for abduction of the scapula?

Answer 48

protraction

Question 49

besides stabilizing the S-C joint, what is another action of the subclavius muscle?

Answer 49

serves as a protective cushion between a fractured clavicle and underlying blood vessels

Question 50

the musculocutaneous nerve is supplied by what spinal nerves?

Answer 50

C5, C6, C7

Question 51

the Pectoralis Major is innervated by which spinal nerve roots?

Answer 51

C5,C6,C7,C8,T1

Question 52

the medial brachial cutaneous nerve of a post fixed brachial plexus is supplied by which spinal nerve roots?

Answer 52

T2 would be postfixed C8 would be prefixed

Question 53

the nerve that innervates the serratus anterior?

Answer 53

the long thoracic nerve

Question 54

identify the nerve that passes between the medial and lateral heads of the triceps brachii?

Answer 54

the radial nerve

Question 55

identify the nerves that supply the shoulder joint?

Answer 55

axillary nerve, suprascapular nerve,

Question 56

the nerve that continues into the forearm as the lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve?

Answer 56

the musculocutaneous nerve

Question 57

this nerve supplies the skin of the lateral palmer surface of the hand and the first 3 and 1/2 digits?

Answer 57

the median nerve