Lecture 2 - Mammalian Cell Structure Flashcards
What is the Largest organelle found in Eukaryotic cells
The Nucleus
What are the 3 roles of the Nucleus?
- Controls Cellular Activity
- Houses Genomic DNA
- Site of DNA replication
What type of membrane is the Nuclear envelope
A Double Membrane
What is the role of the Inner Nuclear Membrane and the Outer Nuclear Membrane?
- Inner defines nucleus
- outer membrane connects to the endoplasmic reticulum
Where do both Nuclear Membranes fuse
At the Nuclear Pore
What is the Nuclear Lamina composed of
- intermediate filaments
- Membrane associated Proteins
What is the role of the Nuclear Lamina?
- Provides mechanical support
- Regulates DNA Replication and Cell Division
What are the 4 main parts of Mitochondrion?
- Outer Membrane
- Inner Membrane
- The Cristae
- The Matrix
Name 5 Functions of the mitochondria
Energy Conversion
site of metabolic reactions
Regulation of Apoptosis
Heat production
Calcium Homeostasis
Where can Transport Vesicles be found?
- From Rough ER to Golgi Apparatus
- From Golgi Apparatus to Cell Membrane
- From Golgi Apparatus to compartments of the endomembrane system
What are Cisternae
Stacks of flattened membranous sacks
What are the 3 main regions of the Golgi Apparatus?
Cis face - entry side
Medial - central layers
Trans face - Exit side
What are the 3 key roles of the Golgi Apparatus?
- protein modification
- Lipid modification
- Protein sorting or Exporting
What are 2 features of Lysosomes
- Limiting membrane
- Dense lumen
What is protease used to digest
proteins
peptides
What is Lipase used to digest
Lipids into fatty acids and Glycerol
What is Amylase used to digest
Carbohydrates
What is nuclease used to digest
Nucleic Acids
Define Peroxisomes
Oxidative organelles that contain Oxidative enzymes
