Divisions and Functions of the Nervous System Flashcards
What does the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) include
- Sensory Neurons
- Nerves
What are the 2 Types of Nervous Systems
- Autonomic
- Somatic
What are the 2 Autonomic Divisions
- Sympathetic Division
- Parasympathetic division
What are the 5 Building Blocks of the Nervous System
- Neurone
- Oligodendrocytes in the CNS
- Schwann cells in the PNS
- Astrocytes
- Microgila
What are Neurons
a highly specialised cell / an individual nerve cell
How do Neurons work
They transmit the information as Electrical signals / Nerve impulses
In What directions do Signals Travel
From Dendrites to Axon
What are the Nodes of Ranvier
The gaps in the Myelin Sheath on the axon
What are the 2 Functional types of Neurons?
Peripheral Nervous System
Central Nervous System
Define a nerve
A group or bundle of Specialised cells (neurons) that transmit an electrical impulse throughout the body
What is a Synapse
Where one neuron meets another
What are Receptors
Structures on a membrane where ligand binds to and affects the cell
What does an Excitatory synapse mean?
Can cause depolarization
What does an Inhibitory Synapse mean?
Can cause Hyperpolarisation
What are the 3 Excitatory Neurotransmitters
- Glutamine
- Monoamines
- Acetylcholine
What are the 3 Inhibitory Neurotransmitters
- GABA
- Glycine
- Endorphins
What are meninges
Membranes between the brain and skull
What is CSF and Where is it found
Cerebral Spinal Fluid found between the meninges and the brain
What are the 4 Lobes of the brain?
- Occipital lobe
- Parietal lobe
- Temporal lobe
- Frontal lobe
What are the functions of the 4 roles of the brain?
Occipital lobe - visual association
Parietal - primary somatic sensory cortex
Temporal - hearing
Frontal - primary motor cortex
