Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ECU Language + Learning Disabilities > Lecture 2 - Language Learning Disorders > Flashcards

Lecture 2 - Language Learning Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two types of Perceptual Analysis?

A

Auditory (Hearing sounds)

Visual (Seeing letters and words)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Children with Auditory or Vision deficits may also have _____ and _____ language deficits too.

A

Spoken

Written

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is Phonetic Discrimination?

A

Ability to hear difference between two sounds that differ acoustically and phonetically

(T in tap and t in bat – differ phonetically, but don’t change meaning (allophones)
T and k differ phonetically and do change meaning)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is Detection?

A

Ability to perceive the signal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is Discrimination in Reading?

A

Ability to see visual differences between letters

E.g., /b/ vs /d/

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a Visual Discrimination Problem?

What will this negatively impact? (2)

A

If can’t tell differences between letters

Decoding and writing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is Identification?

A

Knowledge of the correspondence between letters and phonemes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

A child who reads words wrong may have an ______ problem or a ______ problem.

This means we need to assess both _____ and _____.

A

Identification

Discrimination

Discrimination

Identification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the 3 types of Word Recognition?

A

Phonological Representation

Word Meaning

Visual Representation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What do we need to understand Sentences?

A

Text Processing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is Comprehension?

A

Understanding what is being said and read

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Words that are seen or heard must be associated with stored concepts in the __________.

A

Mental Lexicon (vocabulary)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Content of Mental Lexicon is same for _____ and _____.

A

Reading

Spoken language

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is contained in one’s mental lexicon?

4

A

Visual form

Phonological Information

Semantic Information (word meaning and relation to other words)

Syntactic information (noun, verb, adjective, etc.)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What happens when we process speech?

What happens as children age?

A

The phonological representation is directly linked to semantic meaning

They become more sensitive to native language sounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the two paths we use to understand written words?

What is the other path?

A

Directly

Indirectly

Dual Route Model

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What type of stimulus is used in the Direct path for reading?

What is it in a nutshell?

A

Visual representation

Look and say – whole word processing for sight words/familiar words

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the Direct Model for reading?

6 + 1

A

Visual Input ->

Visual Analysis ->

**Visual/Lexical Decoding

**Word Meaning

Sentence/Text Processing ->

Text Meaning

**May be skipped using Sound-Symbol Associations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What type of stimulus is used in the Indirect Model for reading?

What is it in a nutshell?

A

Phonological representation

Decode words sound by sound, then blend together – takes longer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is required to use the Indirect Model for reading?

2

A

Attention to letter sequences in words

Must have knowledge that words have discrete phonemic segments (Liberman, 1983

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the Indirect Model for reading?

6

A

Auditory Input ->

Auditory Analysis ->

Phonological decoding ->

Word Meaning

Sentence/Text Processing ->

Text Meaning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the Dual Route Model for reading?

A

We use both the visual/lexical, and phonological routes for word recognition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is Discourse Level Processing?

1 + 4

A

Processing…

  • Sentences
  • Conversations
  • Lectures
  • Stories
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the different types of Structural Knowledge?

4

A

Word Order – Subject + Verb + Object – statements

Questions – Verb + Subject?

Grammatical Morphemes – adverbs, adjectives, verbs, nouns

Function Words – conjunctions, pronouns, and models

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What happens when you have a deficit in Structural Knowledge?

(1 + 4)

A

Trouble with…

  • Sentence formation
  • Following directions
  • Answering questions
  • Etc.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is a Proposition?

A

An Idea-unit that has a predicate (verb) and related arguments

(E.g., give – someone giving, object given, recipient of object)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What can deficits in Propositions impact?

4

A

Composition of sentences

Understanding the meaning of sentences

Sentence structure

Understanding or sequences of information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What are the types of World Knowledge?

4

A

Situation Model Representations

Specific Content Domains

Procedural Knowledge

Interpersonal Knowledge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What are Situation Model Representations?

A

Individual’s knowledge of the world aids in comprehension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What are Specific Content Domains?

A

Academic subjects (science, social studies, and math)

31
Q

What is Procedural Knowledge?

A

Script like knowledge of familiar events (e.g., tying shoes, driving a car, etc.)

32
Q

What is Interpersonal Knowledge?

2

A

Knowledge of feelings, attitudes, and human needs

Pragmatics

33
Q

What are Discourse Processing Models?

3

A

Relating construct representations to each other

Making inferences about the meaning of information based on prior knowledge

Deciding which information should be remembered and/or discarded based on prior knowledge or type of information

34
Q

Kintsch (1998) reader has a goal to read, and uses __________ to comprehend information.

A

Previous experiences and knowledge

35
Q

What do children use to construct meaning?

3

A

Schema

Familiar events

Discourse

36
Q

What is a Schema?

2

A

Structure in memory for general arrangement of information

Familiar Events

37
Q

What are Familiar Events?

1 + 5

A

Scripts that occur and may include…

  • Main event
  • Participant
  • Goals
  • Position of each action
  • Additional information
38
Q

What is included in Discourse?

2

A

Stories

Story Grammars

39
Q

What are Stories?

1 + 4

A

Mental framework for…

  • Setting
  • Goal
  • Obstacle
  • Resolution
40
Q

What are Story Grammars?

2

A

Hierarchical relations among components

Structural organization

41
Q

What is Structural Organization in stories?

2

A

Setting

Episode

42
Q

What do Settings do in stories?

2

A

Introduce characters

Introduce context

43
Q

What are Episodes in stories?

5

A

Initiating event

Internal response

Attempt

Consequence

Reaction

44
Q

What are we doing when we Understand Discourse and Text?

5

A

Managing working memory

Generating Inferences

Constructing Coherent Representations

Using a complex dynamic system

Using metacognitive Ability

45
Q

What do you need for Metacognitive Ability?

A

Basic processes to encode, store, and retrieve information in longterm memory

46
Q

Metacognitive ability is need both for ___________ and for ____________.

Phonological awareness is needed only for ______, not ______.

A

Learning to read

Reading to learn

Reading

Speaking

47
Q

What do you need explicit knowledge in to Learn to Read?

3

A

Phonological aspects of speech

Letter sound knowledge (word-letter-sound knowledge)

Need to LEARN LETTERS

48
Q

Reading is less than _____ years old.

A

5,000

49
Q

In 2008, there were _______ illiterate adults (UNESCO, 2010) .

A

796 million

50
Q

Reading is dependent on _____ and ______ (p15).

A

Learning

Importance placed on reading

51
Q

What are we processing when listening to Spoken Language?

A

Analysis of utterances into smaller phonological units

52
Q

Analysis of speech stream is performed by ____________ processes.(Lieberman, 1973)

A

Lower level auditory perceptual

53
Q

What will improve spoken language in children?

A

Being raised to verbally communicate

54
Q

What are the characteristics of Spoken Language?

7

A

Physical

Situational

Functional

Form

Vocabulary

Grammatical

Processing

55
Q

What are the Physical characteristics of Spoken Language?

How long do they last?

A

Temporal ordered sounds

Have short duration

56
Q

What are the Situational characteristics of Spoken Language?

5

A

Face-to-face

Questions

Answers

Time pressures

Nonverbal expressions

57
Q

What are the Functional characteristics of Spoken Language?

3

A

Label objects

Tell stories

Informational

58
Q

What are the Form characteristics of Spoken Language?

4

A

Pitch

Voice quality

Manner

Prosody

59
Q

What are Vocabulary characteristics of Spoken Language?

4

A

Limited number of words

Speakers have shared concepts

References for pronouns (he, she)

Current expressions (slang)

60
Q

What are the Grammatical characteristics of Spoken Language?

(3)

A

Low in density and high in redundancy

Can repeat words

Can refine expressions

61
Q

What are the Processing characteristics of Spoken Language?

A

The higher level context information needed

62
Q

What are the characteristics of Written Language?

7

A

Physical

Situational

Functional

Form

Vocabulary

Grammatical

Processing

63
Q

What are the Physical Characteristics of Written Language?

5

A

Written - can be read and reread

Reader controls speed of reading

Difference in fonts

Difference between lower case uppercase

Provides clues

64
Q

What are the Situational Characteristics of Written Language?

(3)

A

Writer does not get immediate feedback

Can correct and revise at leisure

Need more precision and distinct word usage

65
Q

What are the Functional Characteristics of Written Language?

4

A

Keep accurate records

History

Building ideas

Email and texting (quick communication)

66
Q

What are the Form Characteristics of Written Language?

2

A

Letters on paper, screen, etc.

Punctuation is important for interpretation (Statement vs. question)

67
Q

What are the Vocabulary Characteristics of Written Language?

2

A

Dense and precise

Clear and unambiguous

68
Q

What are the Grammatical Characteristics of Written Language?

(2)

A

Lexically dense

Low in redundancy

69
Q

What are the Processing Characteristics of Written Language?

(2)

A

May skip short words

Can skim

70
Q

There are reciprocal and important relationships between ______ language, ______, and ______ language

A

Oral/Spoken

Reading

Written

71
Q

What are children with deficits in Oral Language, Reading and Written Language classified as?

A

Language and Learning Disabled

need all three for diagnosis

72
Q

SLPs are responsible for having foundational knowledge of the processes of _____ language, ______, and ______ language.

A

Oral/Spoken

Reading

Written

73
Q

What might create problems with comprehension?

4

A

Multiple meaning words

Idioms

Creative language

Slang

ECU Language + Learning Disabilities (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions