Lecture 2: Cognitive Therapy Flashcards
thought recording =
patients are asked to record their thoughts in problematic situations and the accompanying emotions or feelings. then, they are asked to provide evidence in support and against these thoughts. the aim is to teach patients how to recognize automatic thoughts and actively challenge them.
behavioural experiment =
a technique to challenge maladaptive beliefs and promote new learning. involves the testing of ‘if-then’ statements: if this happens, then…
- identify belief/thought/process
- brainstorm about experiment
- predict about outcome, if the belief were to be true
- anticipate problems that might occur and think about solutions
- conduct: carry it out
- review: evaluate the outcome
pie chart technique =
a reattribution technique in which the patient and the therapist make a pie chart of the responsibility factors in a certain event. this way the patient can see that one does not have a 100% responsibility
multidimensional evaluation =
a cognitive technique in which patients rate themselves on multiple dimensions that they have come up with themselves. this can be helpful to counter black and white thinking.
(bv: not having a job does not mean being a complete failure: dan tegenovergestelde van failure opschrijven. dan vragen wat zij vinden dat iemand een failure maakt en wat iemand succesvol maakt. dat is dan de basis van alle andere dimensies. daarna moet de patient zichzelf raten op deze dimensies (en vaak rate diegene zich dan als een minder grote faal).
4 factoren van cognitieve therapie
- cognitive
- motivational
- behavioural
- affective
cognitive exercise
- Think of something that you (don’t) look
forward to today or tomorrow. - Try to make explicit your thoughts or
expectations about it. - Collect evidence on the extent to which
these thoughts or expectations (don’t)
make sense. - To the extent they don’t, which thoughts or
expectations would make more sense? - How do these new thoughts or
expectations make you feel about it?
3 factors die CT beïnvloedt
- conscious thought
- semi-conscious/semi-automatic thought
- unconscious/automatic processes
CT strategies, style and techniques
strategies:
- collaborative empiricism
- guided discovery
style: socratic dialogue
techniques
- logical examination
- behavioural experiments
levels of cognitions
voluntary thoughts
automatic thoughts
maladaptive assumptions
core beliefs
hoe meer omlaag; meer stability
hoe meer omhoog: meer accessability
therapeutic relationship in CT
- directive if neccessary
- guidance (‘leading from behind’)
- continuous (mutual) feedback
specifieke techniek van CT om gedachtes te challengen
CBT thought record (situation - emotion or feeling - negative automatic thought - evidence that supports the thought - evidence against the thought - alternative thought)
behavioural experiment
- Precisely identify the belief/thought/process the experiment will target.
- Collaborate with your patient to brainstorm ideas for an experiment; be as specific as you can.
- Write predictions about the outcome and devise a method to record the outcome.
- Anticipate problems and brainstorm solutions.
- Conduct the experiment.
- Review the experiment and draw conclusions.
(belangrijk: hierbij is het vooral de bedoeling dat dysfunctionele gedachtes verandert worden. reduction of fear is also not necessary)
waarvoor is zo’n behavioural experiment vooral handig
to solidify new thoughts that have high credibility but are not yet felt to be true
waar doe je de pie chart voor
voor responsibility
socratic dialogue steps
- questions for clarification
- questions that probe assumptions
- questions that probe reason and evidence
- questions about viewpoints and perspectives
- questions that probe consequences
