Lecture 2 Flashcards
provides energy but is NOT a nutrient
alcohol
food provides us w
nutrients
essential nutrients come from
come from
- food (fortified also)
- phytochemicals
- zoo chemicals
- natural health products
essential nutrients
cannot he synthesized by your body and must be provided by diet
6 classes of nutrients:
- carbs
- lipids
- proteins
- water
- vitamins
- minerals
calorie
unit of energy
- amount of energy required to warm 1g h20 up by 1 degree celsius
macronutrients
nutrients needed in large amounts (give us energy)
kcal for carbs
4 kcal of energy/g
kcal for fats
9kcal of energy/g
kcal for proteins
4kcal of energy/gram
kcal
for alcohol
7kcal of energy/g yet no nutritional value ..
micronutrients
vitamins and minerals
vitamins
organic molecules our body needs to fcn (contain carbon)
minerals
inorganic molecules our body needs to fcn (from periodic table)
-(don’t provide energy but essential for different bodily fcns)
vitamins help the body…
use the energy from CARBS, FATS, and PROTEINS
vitamins are involved in:
bone growth, vision, blood clotting, O2 transport, tissue growth and development l, myelination m, methylation, genetics, etc.
Minerals are needed for:
bone strength, transport of 02, and transmission of nerves impulses
water is a
macronutrient but doesn’t provide energy
our body is made up of ___ % water
60%
water provides eight environment for:
chem rxns, regulations of body temp, cell growth, hormone signaling, nutrient transport
adequate
having SUFFICIENT amounts of NUTRIENTS to maintain health
moderate
watching portion sizes and frequency of food consumption
balanced
mix & match food
choices to ensure adequate nutrient intake
varied
(no super foods) need to eat variety of food to ensure adequate nutrient intake
undernutrition
defiance of energy and nutrients
overnutrition:
excess nutrients
over nutrition can cause…
adverse toxic rxns.
- doesn’t always have immediate toxic effects
over nutrition causes by
contaminants
- manufacturing (mercury)
- supplements (Vit A)
y ppl choose healthy / un healthy foods
- availability & accessibility
- personal preference
who can i trust?
- educated ppl w credentials (DIETICIANS & NUTRITION PROFESSIONALS W ADVANCED DEGREES)
- government
- professional organizations
- perf reviews journal articles
don’t trust for info
- nutritionist (not a protected label in canada)
- media
- doctor (yes but may have little nutrition knowledge and refer u to dieticians)
