Lecture 18 Flashcards
what is coffee
bev made from seeds of coffea plant (coffea arabica)
coffee ingredients
- caffeine
- phenolic substances
- antioxidants
caffeine
- a stimulant
- most commonly consumed drug in the world
2/3 canadians consume
at least 1 cup of coffee / day
avg intake of coffee
3 cups / day
caffeine is rapidly
absorbed in GI tract
physical effects of caffeine
- irritability
- nervousness
- restlessness
- insomnia
- heart palpitations
caffeine dependency causes
lower nutrient supply (ex: glucose & o2 to brain)
caffeine is sufficiently lipophilic so it passes..
through all biological membranes + regularly crosses the blood - brain barrier (the brain)
caffeine is metabolized in
liver
it takes how many hours for caffeine to leave your system ?
8-10 hours
caffeine excretion in
kidneys
caffeine hypertension causes
⬆️ blood pressure for ~3hrs
caffeine may ⬆️ .. (bone health)
urinary exertion of Ca.
- may encourage absorption of Ca (small effect)
those who consume caffeine + have lower than recommended intakes of Ca + have …
⬇️ bone mineral density are @ ⬆️ risk of poor bone health
caffeine crosses ..
placenta so if u drink it, so does ur baby
⬆️ amounts of caffeine may increase risk of
low birth weight + preterm birth
recommendation of caffeine during pregnancy ..
300 mg/day
caffeine was added to WADA monitoring programs as it is
a previous banned substance
caffeine recommendation for women of childbearing age
<300 mg/day
caffeine recommendation for adults
<400 mg/day
caffeine recommendation in cups
2-4 cups / day
antioxidants …
reverse oxidation + repair cell damage
coffee also contains
- niacin (b vit)
- potassium
- magnesium
66% of antioxidants come from
coffee
oxidation
when elections are taken off of atoms
downside of oxidation
- can damage cells / tissues + their DNAs
- free radicals are created
antioxidants prevent
or reverse oxidation + fix cell damage
coffee lowers risk of
- type 2 diabetes
- some cancers
- parkinson’s disease
- liver disease
coffee causes concerns of
sleep
- mental health
- pregnant women
- bone health
- and children
what is tea
soaked leaves of tea plant camellia dinensis
black tea
leaves are picked and oxidized (fermented), and dried
green tea
leaves are not oxidized
what’s in tea
- caffeine
- antioxidants
- tanins
antioxidant in tea
catechin (a polyphenol)
catechin ..
protects against oxidative stress
- ⬆️ content in white + green teas
- black tea still contains a lot
other beneficial compounds jn tea
L-theanine: a non protein AA derivative
- has calming effect
- helps strengthen immune system
tannis in tea can bind
non-nome Fe in digestive tract 2 inhibit absorption (from non animal based food)
too much tea can cause
Fe-deficiency anemia
tea improves
- cardiovascular health
- ⬇️ blood pressure by protecting health of blood vessels
- small ⬆️ in energy expidenture
- bone loss
- cavities
- improves immune system + mental activity
