Lecture 18 Flashcards

1
Q

what is coffee

A

bev made from seeds of coffea plant (coffea arabica)

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2
Q

coffee ingredients

A
  • caffeine
  • phenolic substances
  • antioxidants
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3
Q

caffeine

A
  • a stimulant

- most commonly consumed drug in the world

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4
Q

2/3 canadians consume

A

at least 1 cup of coffee / day

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5
Q

avg intake of coffee

A

3 cups / day

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6
Q

caffeine is rapidly

A

absorbed in GI tract

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7
Q

physical effects of caffeine

A
  • irritability
  • nervousness
  • restlessness
  • insomnia
  • heart palpitations
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8
Q

caffeine dependency causes

A

lower nutrient supply (ex: glucose & o2 to brain)

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9
Q

caffeine is sufficiently lipophilic so it passes..

A

through all biological membranes + regularly crosses the blood - brain barrier (the brain)

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10
Q

caffeine is metabolized in

A

liver

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11
Q

it takes how many hours for caffeine to leave your system ?

A

8-10 hours

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12
Q

caffeine excretion in

A

kidneys

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13
Q

caffeine hypertension causes

A

⬆️ blood pressure for ~3hrs

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14
Q

caffeine may ⬆️ .. (bone health)

A

urinary exertion of Ca.

- may encourage absorption of Ca (small effect)

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15
Q

those who consume caffeine + have lower than recommended intakes of Ca + have …

A

⬇️ bone mineral density are @ ⬆️ risk of poor bone health

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16
Q

caffeine crosses ..

A

placenta so if u drink it, so does ur baby

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17
Q

⬆️ amounts of caffeine may increase risk of

A

low birth weight + preterm birth

18
Q

recommendation of caffeine during pregnancy ..

A

300 mg/day

19
Q

caffeine was added to WADA monitoring programs as it is

A

a previous banned substance

20
Q

caffeine recommendation for women of childbearing age

A

<300 mg/day

21
Q

caffeine recommendation for adults

A

<400 mg/day

22
Q

caffeine recommendation in cups

A

2-4 cups / day

23
Q

antioxidants …

A

reverse oxidation + repair cell damage

24
Q

coffee also contains

A
  • niacin (b vit)
  • potassium
  • magnesium
25
Q

66% of antioxidants come from

A

coffee

26
Q

oxidation

A

when elections are taken off of atoms

27
Q

downside of oxidation

A
  • can damage cells / tissues + their DNAs

- free radicals are created

28
Q

antioxidants prevent

A

or reverse oxidation + fix cell damage

29
Q

coffee lowers risk of

A
  • type 2 diabetes
  • some cancers
  • parkinson’s disease
  • liver disease
30
Q

coffee causes concerns of

A

sleep

  • mental health
  • pregnant women
  • bone health
  • and children
31
Q

what is tea

A

soaked leaves of tea plant camellia dinensis

32
Q

black tea

A

leaves are picked and oxidized (fermented), and dried

33
Q

green tea

A

leaves are not oxidized

34
Q

what’s in tea

A
  • caffeine
  • antioxidants
  • tanins
35
Q

antioxidant in tea

A

catechin (a polyphenol)

36
Q

catechin ..

A

protects against oxidative stress

  • ⬆️ content in white + green teas
  • black tea still contains a lot
37
Q

other beneficial compounds jn tea

A

L-theanine: a non protein AA derivative

  • has calming effect
  • helps strengthen immune system
38
Q

tannis in tea can bind

A

non-nome Fe in digestive tract 2 inhibit absorption (from non animal based food)

39
Q

too much tea can cause

A

Fe-deficiency anemia

40
Q

tea improves

A
  • cardiovascular health
  • ⬇️ blood pressure by protecting health of blood vessels
  • small ⬆️ in energy expidenture
  • bone loss
  • cavities
  • improves immune system + mental activity