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PSYC 333 > Lecture 2 > Flashcards

Lecture 2 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the self concept

A

a cognitive representation of the knowledge and beliefs we have about ourselves

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2
Q

what are sone of the knowledge and beliefs in our self- concept?

A

personality traits
abilities
social roles
values
goals and desires
physical characteristics

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3
Q

in short, a self concept is what

A

everything a person claims as me or mine

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4
Q

why is the self-concept important

A

shapes how we think about the world, feel, and behave

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5
Q

what is an associative network

A

knowledge is organized as a metaphorical network of cognitive concepts interconnected by links

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6
Q

in an associative network some concepts are more

A

central

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7
Q

in an associative network, linkes between concepts

A

vary in strength

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8
Q

the self-concept implies what idea about the self

A

a unitary, fixed and integrated idea

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9
Q

what is the problem about ahving a unitary self-concept

A

people have lots of ideas about themselves which can contradict each other

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10
Q

what is the working self-concept

A

the subset of self-knowledge that is the current focus of awareness which is created moment to moment

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11
Q

in sum the self concept is

A

the entirety of our self-knowledge

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12
Q

what are the contents of the working self-concept

A
  1. distinctive to the situation/activity
  2. relevance to the situation/ activity
  3. frequency of activation
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13
Q

what is situational activation

A

different situations can activate different pieces of self-knowledge thus creating different working self-concepts

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14
Q

what is spreading activation

A

when specific self-aspect is activated other self-aspects that are linked with it are also activated

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15
Q

self aspects that are strongly linked will do what more quickly

A

activate

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16
Q

the self-concept is organized in an

A

associative network

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17
Q

contents of the working self-concept =

A

self-knowledge thats most accessible/salient at that moment

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18
Q

what is the distinctiveness theory

A

a persons unique distinctive characteristics are more salient to them than characteristics that they have in common with others

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19
Q

study for distinctiveness theory

A

6th graders completed who am i exercise

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20
Q

what were the results of the distinctiveness theory study

A

students with distinctive features mentioned these more often then those with more typical features

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21
Q

what did the distinctiveness theory study show

A

situational context influences what spontaneously comes to mind when describing the self

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22
Q

The self concept is what dependent on the context

A

malleable (we have diff versions of ourselves)

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23
Q

non-central self aspects can do what

A

enter the working self-concept

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24
Q

implication of working self-concept allows for what

A

contradictory self-aspects to simultaneously exist (not activated in the same situation)

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25
what does the working self-concept influence and explains what
how we behave and why we behave diff in diff situations
26
working self-concept and behaviour study
does the working self concept influence behaviour
27
method for WSCB study
study presented as aiming to validate new questionnaire to "reveal elements of personality"
28
what were the experimentally manipulated working self-concepts in the study?
extroversion: what would you do if you wanted to liven things up at a party? introversion: what things do you dislike about loud parties
29
what were the results fo the WSCB study
those in the extroverted condition described themselves and acted more extroverted in a subsequent situation
30
what does the WSCB stduy show
working self-concept depends on situational activation and that it influences behaviour
31
people can be manipulated by having them comb through what in a biased manner
self-knowledge (allows fro priming effects)
32
what is a primacy effect
individuals tendency to better remember the first piece of info than the latter
33
what are the four theories about the true self
1. natural endowment 2. feels authentic 3. people naturally want to be true to themselves 4. competed with external influences
34
what is natural endowment
already born with a true self; often in the form of potential
35
what does the theory feels authentic state
actions are consistent with internal states that are subjectively experienced as ones own
36
why do people want to be true to themselves
living in accordance with true self leads to satisfying and fulfilling life
37
what does the theory competes with external influences state
reasons why it is difficult to be in tune with true self and to follow it
38
the case for a true self study
do people believe in a true self and use it as a guide to make decisions
39
what was the method of CTS study
60 online community participants; asked to think about occasions when they had to make an important decision; rated potential deicsion making strategies
40
what were the 11 potential decision making strrategies in the CTS study
true-self as guide ideal self past self future self actual self ought self information from others rational processing intuition religious supernatural
41
what were the results for the CTS study
people believe that following ones true self is imp strategy for making satisfying decisions
42
CTS2 study
do people believe in a true self and use it as a guide to make decisions
43
CTS2 study methods
161 undergrads; randomly assigned to list 10 best words to describe either : true or actual self. asked how easy it was to think of 10 then asked to describe 2 big life decisions and self-reported satisfaction
44
CTS2 study results
subjective ease related to decision satisfaction in the true self condition, not in the actual self condition
45
in the CTS2 study difficulties accessing true self related to what
less satisfaction with decisions
46
what is the Implication of the CTS studies
idea of a true self resonated with people people are more satisfied with decisions when they're in accord with true self than when they aren't
47
what are the problems with a true self
1. natural endowment 2. self beliefs are inaccurate 3. true self= what is "good"
48
what is problem 1 for true self attributed
natural endowment of a true self is not a provable idea - how do we assess babys potential - suggests babies are born with specific destiny/motivations for adult life
49
what is problem 2 for true self attributed
idea of true self requires that people have accurate self-knowledge about what their true self is like
50
what does research suggest for true selfs
our self-concepts are full of inaccuracies and are distorted suggests that no self-concept is fully true
51
what is problem 3 for true self attributed
true self seems to be about social desirability rather than acting in line with ones unique characteristics people report feeling most authentic when its desirable personality traits than actual
52
Authenticity and the big five study
when do people feel most authentic
53
ABF study method
97 participants ; participated in 10 1hr long sessions in small groups; each lab 1-2 activities; during self activities reported on "state" big five and "state" authenticity
54
ABF study results
peole vary in how authentic they feel moment to moment and in their "state" big five ratings; evidence for desirable trait hypothesis
55
personality- consistency hypothesis
people feel most authentic with behaving consistently with their trait/typical personality
56
desirable trait hypothesis
exhibiting certain traits make people feel more authentic thus people will feel more authentic when acting in those ways
57
the true self is more what than a reality
a guide
58
desired reputation
what is valued by society + what distinctive role ones own abiltiies and traits are best suited to
59
what s the most important "non-false concept"
desired reputation
60
reputation determines
how you will be treated by others
61
behaviour should be guided by
desired reputation in order to be treated well by others
62
what is the hypothesis of desired reputation
people will feel most authentic when their actions are consistent with their desired reputation
63
achieving desired reputation is
ongoing project
64
desired reputation is slightly diff with what types of audiences
different ones! diff working-self concepts

PSYC 333 (13 decks)

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