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PSYC 333 > Lecture 2 > Flashcards

Lecture 2 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the self concept

A

a cognitive representation of the knowledge and beliefs we have about ourselves

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2
Q

what are sone of the knowledge and beliefs in our self- concept?

A

personality traits
abilities
social roles
values
goals and desires
physical characteristics

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3
Q

in short, a self concept is what

A

everything a person claims as me or mine

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4
Q

why is the self-concept important

A

shapes how we think about the world, feel, and behave

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5
Q

what is an associative network

A

knowledge is organized as a metaphorical network of cognitive concepts interconnected by links

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6
Q

in an associative network some concepts are more

A

central

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7
Q

in an associative network, linkes between concepts

A

vary in strength

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8
Q

the self-concept implies what idea about the self

A

a unitary, fixed and integrated idea

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9
Q

what is the problem about ahving a unitary self-concept

A

people have lots of ideas about themselves which can contradict each other

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10
Q

what is the working self-concept

A

the subset of self-knowledge that is the current focus of awareness which is created moment to moment

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11
Q

in sum the self concept is

A

the entirety of our self-knowledge

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12
Q

what are the contents of the working self-concept

A
  1. distinctive to the situation/activity
  2. relevance to the situation/ activity
  3. frequency of activation
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13
Q

what is situational activation

A

different situations can activate different pieces of self-knowledge thus creating different working self-concepts

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14
Q

what is spreading activation

A

when specific self-aspect is activated other self-aspects that are linked with it are also activated

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15
Q

self aspects that are strongly linked will do what more quickly

A

activate

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16
Q

the self-concept is organized in an

A

associative network

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17
Q

contents of the working self-concept =

A

self-knowledge thats most accessible/salient at that moment

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18
Q

what is the distinctiveness theory

A

a persons unique distinctive characteristics are more salient to them than characteristics that they have in common with others

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19
Q

study for distinctiveness theory

A

6th graders completed who am i exercise

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20
Q

what were the results of the distinctiveness theory study

A

students with distinctive features mentioned these more often then those with more typical features

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21
Q

what did the distinctiveness theory study show

A

situational context influences what spontaneously comes to mind when describing the self

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22
Q

The self concept is what dependent on the context

A

malleable (we have diff versions of ourselves)

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23
Q

non-central self aspects can do what

A

enter the working self-concept

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24
Q

implication of working self-concept allows for what

A

contradictory self-aspects to simultaneously exist (not activated in the same situation)

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25
Q

what does the working self-concept influence and explains what

A

how we behave and why we behave diff in diff situations

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26
Q

working self-concept and behaviour study

A

does the working self concept influence behaviour

27
Q

method for WSCB study

A

study presented as aiming to validate new questionnaire to “reveal elements of personality”

28
Q

what were the experimentally manipulated working self-concepts in the study?

A

extroversion: what would you do if you wanted to liven things up at a party?
introversion: what things do you dislike about loud parties

29
Q

what were the results fo the WSCB study

A

those in the extroverted condition described themselves and acted more extroverted in a subsequent situation

30
Q

what does the WSCB stduy show

A

working self-concept depends on situational activation and that it influences behaviour

31
Q

people can be manipulated by having them comb through what in a biased manner

A

self-knowledge (allows fro priming effects)

32
Q

what is a primacy effect

A

individuals tendency to better remember the first piece of info than the latter

33
Q

what are the four theories about the true self

A
  1. natural endowment
  2. feels authentic
  3. people naturally want to be true to themselves
  4. competed with external influences
34
Q

what is natural endowment

A

already born with a true self; often in the form of potential

35
Q

what does the theory feels authentic state

A

actions are consistent with internal states that are subjectively experienced as ones own

36
Q

why do people want to be true to themselves

A

living in accordance with true self leads to satisfying and fulfilling life

37
Q

what does the theory competes with external influences state

A

reasons why it is difficult to be in tune with true self and to follow it

38
Q

the case for a true self study

A

do people believe in a true self and use it as a guide to make decisions

39
Q

what was the method of CTS study

A

60 online community participants; asked to think about occasions when they had to make an important decision; rated potential deicsion making strategies

40
Q

what were the 11 potential decision making strrategies in the CTS study

A

true-self as guide
ideal self
past self
future self
actual self
ought self
information from others
rational processing
intuition
religious
supernatural

41
Q

what were the results for the CTS study

A

people believe that following ones true self is imp strategy for making satisfying decisions

42
Q

CTS2 study

A

do people believe in a true self and use it as a guide to make decisions

43
Q

CTS2 study methods

A

161 undergrads; randomly assigned to list 10 best words to describe either : true or actual self. asked how easy it was to think of 10 then asked to describe 2 big life decisions and self-reported satisfaction

44
Q

CTS2 study results

A

subjective ease related to decision satisfaction in the true self condition, not in the actual self condition

45
Q

in the CTS2 study difficulties accessing true self related to what

A

less satisfaction with decisions

46
Q

what is the Implication of the CTS studies

A

idea of a true self resonated with people
people are more satisfied with decisions when they’re in accord with true self than when they aren’t

47
Q

what are the problems with a true self

A
  1. natural endowment
  2. self beliefs are inaccurate
  3. true self= what is “good”
48
Q

what is problem 1 for true self attributed

A

natural endowment of a true self is not a provable idea
- how do we assess babys potential
- suggests babies are born with specific destiny/motivations for adult life

49
Q

what is problem 2 for true self attributed

A

idea of true self requires that people have accurate self-knowledge about what their true self is like

50
Q

what does research suggest for true selfs

A

our self-concepts are full of inaccuracies and are distorted
suggests that no self-concept is fully true

51
Q

what is problem 3 for true self attributed

A

true self seems to be about social desirability rather than acting in line with ones unique characteristics
people report feeling most authentic when its desirable personality traits than actual

52
Q

Authenticity and the big five study

A

when do people feel most authentic

53
Q

ABF study method

A

97 participants ; participated in 10 1hr long sessions in small groups; each lab 1-2 activities; during self activities reported on “state” big five and “state” authenticity

54
Q

ABF study results

A

peole vary in how authentic they feel moment to moment and in their “state” big five ratings; evidence for desirable trait hypothesis

55
Q

personality- consistency hypothesis

A

people feel most authentic with behaving consistently with their trait/typical personality

56
Q

desirable trait hypothesis

A

exhibiting certain traits make people feel more authentic thus people will feel more authentic when acting in those ways

57
Q

the true self is more what than a reality

A

a guide

58
Q

desired reputation

A

what is valued by society + what distinctive role ones own abiltiies and traits are best suited to

59
Q

what s the most important “non-false concept”

A

desired reputation

60
Q

reputation determines

A

how you will be treated by others

61
Q

behaviour should be guided by

A

desired reputation in order to be treated well by others

62
Q

what is the hypothesis of desired reputation

A

people will feel most authentic when their actions are consistent with their desired reputation

63
Q

achieving desired reputation is

A

ongoing project

64
Q

desired reputation is slightly diff with what types of audiences

A

different ones! diff working-self concepts

PSYC 333 (13 decks)

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