Lecture 2

Question 1

Valence Electrons

Answer 1

Electrons that form bonds. Carbon has 4

Question 2

VSEPR

Answer 2

Used to predict the shape of a molecule

Question 3

Orbitals

Answer 3

s and p. different energy levels determine what it is

Question 4

Strong Bonds

Answer 4

Covalent and polar covalent

Question 5

Covalent Bonds

Answer 5

Sharing of electrons

Question 6

Polar Covalent Bonds

Answer 6

Unequal sharing around the atom. Range .5-1.6

Question 7

Electronegativity

Answer 7

Ability of an atom to attract electrons toward itself in a covalent bond

Question 8

Weak Bonds

Answer 8

Ionic Bonds, Hydrogen Bonds, van der Waals interactions

Question 9

van der Waals interactions

Answer 9

A attraction cause by a temporary change in the electrons dipole

Question 10

Hydrophobic effect

Answer 10

Nonpolar molecules are pushed together by water. They stick together to avoid the water.

Question 11

Induced dipole

Answer 11

The dipole changed to form a bond

Question 12

Dipole moment

Answer 12

The distance of separation between charges

Question 13

Cohesion

Answer 13

Water molecules sticking to each other

Question 14

Heat Capacity

Answer 14

Specific amount of heat needed to change the temperature of a substance

Question 15

Amphipathic

Answer 15

Molecule has a hydrophobic and hydrophilic end

Question 16

Water of hydration

Answer 16

Water hydrates its self. Hardly ever happens. 1:555000000. Makes H3O and HO and H3O isnt stable

Question 17

Micelle

Answer 17

Ball of hydrophilic heads on the outside and hydrophobic tails on the inside

Question 18

Membrane

Answer 18

An enclosing or separating amphipathic layer that acts as a barrier within or around a cell

Question 19

Acid

Answer 19

Chemical compound that, when dissolved in water, gives a solution with a hydrogen ion activity greater than in pure water; pH < 7

Question 20

pH; pOH

Answer 20

-log[H+] = -log[H3O+]; lower the pH the more the [H+]; Concentration of H+ and OH- in a solution; -log[H+] or -log [OH-]; pH + p[OH]=14

Question 21

Base

Answer 21

Aqueous substance that accepts protons; pH > 7

Question 22

Neutral

Answer 22

When the concentration of hydronium ions and hydroxide ions are equivalent; pH = 7