Lecture 19 - Subcortical contributions to motor control Flashcards
name 4 conditions which can result from cerebellar lesions
tremor, hypermetria, dysdiadochokinesia and ataxic gait
in the cerebellar microcircuit purkinje cells form one layer with their axons going where?
white matter
parallel fibres cross with the dendrites of which type of cell in the cerebellar microcircuit?
purkinje cells
simple spikes which form the standard action potential are based on which ion? which type of fibre elicit them? via which mechanism?
sodium, parallel fibres, temporal summation
complex spikes are associated with large depolarisations causing a spike in which ion?
calcium
in which type of spike is there 1:1 coupling with climbing fibre and a low rate?
complex spikes
in which type of spike is there a high rate?
simple spikes
give an example of a type of cell in which the AP is similar to that of a complex spike?
cardiac cell
basal ganglia are a group of neurons in which part of the brain? what do they surround?
in midbrain, surround thalamus
which nucleus sits at the top of the basal ganglia? which group of neurons sit at the bottom and have a darker appearance?
caudate nucleus, substantia nigra
which group of neurons in the brain are lost in parkinsons (dopaminergic transmission decreases)?
susbtantia nigra
name some of the traits associated with basal ganglia disease: Parkinson’s
hypokinesia, akinesia, bradykinesia, rigidity, tremor, micrographia, shuffling gait, lack of accessory movements, impaired balance
in huntington’s chorea which type of striatal cells are lost which inhibit GPe?
GABAergic
in parkinsons a treatment is to inhibit the subthalamic nucleus, what does this reduce the activity of?
GPi
when do sustantia nigra dopaminergic cells fire?
with reward