Lecture 19 Child Development Flashcards
Sturge-Weber syndrome is characterized by facial ____ ____ (____ ____ stain)
capillary malformation (port wine stain)
Characteristic head/neck finding in turner’s syndrome:
webbing of neck
White pupillary reflex is called ____ and indicates congenital cataracts or _____
leukocoria, retinoblastoma
what is the most common autosomal trisomy in live births? what is the name of this disorder
trisomy 21,
down syndrome
down syndrome:
prominent ___ folds, ____ facies, ____ spots, ____ crease, gap between first and second ___
epicanthal, flat, brushfield, simian (transverse palmar crease), toes (“sandal gap”)
also slanted palebral fissures, protruding tongue
patients with down syndrome show ____ with severe head ____
hypotonia, lag
where would you see brushfield spots?
on the iris
risk of down syndrome increases with increased maternal ____
age
Edwards syndrome is trisomy ____. Characteristics include “______ feet”, ____ ears, clenched hands, prominent _____, and severe intellectual disability
18,
rocker-bottom, low set;
occiput;
also congenital heart disease
trisomy 13 is called ___ syndrome. symptoms include ____ lip/palate, ___dactyl, ___foot, heart defects
patau syndrome, cleft, poly, club
holoprosencephaly, microopthalmia, intellectual disability
how long do patients with patau syndrome live?
usually 6 months
breastfeeding should be done exclusively for the first ____-
6 months;
then add solids
When mom shouldn’t breast feed:
____ positive, HTLV1, untreated ____, chemo, drug abuse, radiation, active herpes or _____
HIV, TB, chicken pox
things okay for mom to have to breast feed:
Hep B/C, ____use, ____ use, fever, CMV
tobacco, alcohol
if an infant has ____, they should not be breast fed
galactosemia
hyperbilirubinemia in newborns is due to increased _____ or decreased ____
supply (ie HCV);
metabolism (ie deficiency in UGT or increased enterohepatic circulation)
bilirubin higher than ___ mg/dL is associated with increased risk for neurological dysfunction
25-30 mg/dL
____ is a permanent sequelae to increased bilirubin
kernicterus
jaundice in the first ____ hours is a medical emergency and indicates ____
24 hours, hemolysis
typical reason for jaundice in first 24 hours:
____ incompatibility or _____ problems
blood type, breastfeeding
breast fed infants need ___ and ____ supplements. when should whole milk be transitioned to? what about skim milk?
vitamin D, iron supplements;
12 months, 2 years
3 months: infants should be able to raise ____ and ___ when lying on the stomach;
Social ____ should begin to develop
head, chest;
smile
SEE FA59
Patients should respond to their own name by ____
7 months
12 months: gross motor: \_\_\_\_\_ fine motor: puts object in container language: says \_\_\_\_ cognitive: finds hidden object easily
walk 2 or 3 steps;
mama/dada
at 12 months, patients have ____ and ____ anxiety
separation, stranger
object permanence occurs by ____ months;
imitates people by ____ months
9, 12
should be able to copy a circle by ____ years and a triange by ____ years
3, 5
should be able to kick a ball and walk up and down stairs by ____
2 years
should be able to stack blocks by ____
2 years
2 years language:
should be able to use 2 to 4 word sentences
should be able to draw a stick figure by ____
4 years
should be able to speak in sentences of ___ words and name ____ by 3 to 4 years
5-6, colors
should be able to dress/undress by __
3 to 4 years
when are kids aware of their sexuality?
4 to 5 years
reasons for not reaching milestones:
____ tumor, inborn error of ____, _____ disroder
brain, metabolism, neurodegenerative
