Lecture 19 Child Development

Question 1

Sturge-Weber syndrome is characterized by facial ____ ____ (____ ____ stain)

Answer 1

capillary malformation (port wine stain)

Question 2

Characteristic head/neck finding in turner’s syndrome:

Answer 2

webbing of neck

Question 3

White pupillary reflex is called ____ and indicates congenital cataracts or _____

Answer 3

leukocoria, retinoblastoma

Question 4

what is the most common autosomal trisomy in live births? what is the name of this disorder

Answer 4

trisomy 21,

down syndrome

Question 5

down syndrome:

prominent ___ folds, ____ facies, ____ spots, ____ crease, gap between first and second ___

Answer 5

epicanthal, flat, brushfield, simian (transverse palmar crease), toes (“sandal gap”)

also slanted palebral fissures, protruding tongue

Question 6

patients with down syndrome show ____ with severe head ____

Answer 6

hypotonia, lag

Question 7

where would you see brushfield spots?

Answer 7

on the iris

Question 8

risk of down syndrome increases with increased maternal ____

Answer 8

age

Question 9

Edwards syndrome is trisomy ____. Characteristics include “______ feet”, ____ ears, clenched hands, prominent _____, and severe intellectual disability

Answer 9

18,
rocker-bottom, low set;
occiput;

also congenital heart disease

Question 10

trisomy 13 is called ___ syndrome. symptoms include ____ lip/palate, ___dactyl, ___foot, heart defects

Answer 10

patau syndrome, cleft, poly, club

holoprosencephaly, microopthalmia, intellectual disability

Question 11

how long do patients with patau syndrome live?

Answer 11

usually 6 months

Question 12

breastfeeding should be done exclusively for the first ____-

Answer 12

6 months;

then add solids

Question 13

When mom shouldn’t breast feed:

____ positive, HTLV1, untreated ____, chemo, drug abuse, radiation, active herpes or _____

Answer 13

HIV, TB, chicken pox

Question 14

things okay for mom to have to breast feed:

Hep B/C, ____use, ____ use, fever, CMV

Answer 14

tobacco, alcohol

Question 15

if an infant has ____, they should not be breast fed

Answer 15

galactosemia

Question 16

hyperbilirubinemia in newborns is due to increased _____ or decreased ____

Answer 16

supply (ie HCV);

metabolism (ie deficiency in UGT or increased enterohepatic circulation)

Question 17

bilirubin higher than ___ mg/dL is associated with increased risk for neurological dysfunction

Answer 17

25-30 mg/dL

Question 18

____ is a permanent sequelae to increased bilirubin

Answer 18

kernicterus

Question 19

jaundice in the first ____ hours is a medical emergency and indicates ____

Answer 19

24 hours, hemolysis

Question 20

typical reason for jaundice in first 24 hours:

____ incompatibility or _____ problems

Answer 20

blood type, breastfeeding

Question 21

breast fed infants need ___ and ____ supplements. when should whole milk be transitioned to? what about skim milk?

Answer 21

vitamin D, iron supplements;

12 months, 2 years

Question 22

3 months: infants should be able to raise ____ and ___ when lying on the stomach;

Social ____ should begin to develop

Answer 22

head, chest;

smile

SEE FA59

Question 23

Patients should respond to their own name by ____

Answer 23

7 months

Question 24

12 months:
gross motor: \_\_\_\_\_
fine motor: puts object in container
language: says \_\_\_\_
cognitive: finds hidden object easily

Answer 24

walk 2 or 3 steps;

mama/dada

Question 25

at 12 months, patients have ____ and ____ anxiety

Answer 25

separation, stranger

Question 26

object permanence occurs by ____ months;

imitates people by ____ months

Answer 26

9, 12

Question 27

should be able to copy a circle by ____ years and a triange by ____ years

Answer 27

3, 5

Question 28

should be able to kick a ball and walk up and down stairs by ____

Answer 28

2 years

Question 29

should be able to stack blocks by ____

Answer 29

2 years

Question 30

2 years language:

Answer 30

should be able to use 2 to 4 word sentences

Question 31

should be able to draw a stick figure by ____

Answer 31

4 years

Question 32

should be able to speak in sentences of ___ words and name ____ by 3 to 4 years

Answer 32

5-6, colors

Question 33

should be able to dress/undress by __

Answer 33

3 to 4 years

Question 34

when are kids aware of their sexuality?

Answer 34

4 to 5 years

Question 35

reasons for not reaching milestones:

____ tumor, inborn error of ____, _____ disroder

Answer 35

brain, metabolism, neurodegenerative