Lecture 15 Pediatric Lung and Airway

Question 1

Stridor is typically due to a _____ obstruction. Wheezing is due to a ____ obstruction

Answer 1

extrathoracic, intrathoracic

Question 2

stridor vs wheezing:

which can be due to smaller airway obstruction? Which is typically associated with upper airway?

Answer 2

wheezing, stridor

Question 3

with a ____ obstruction, inspiration and expiration do not vary in airflow

Answer 3

fixced

Question 4

example of fixed obstruction:

Answer 4

laryngeal or tracheal web

Question 5

a flow volume loop flattening on inhalation is indicative of a _____ problem; ie ____

Answer 5

extrathoracic; vocal cords and above

Question 6

a flow volume loop flattening on exhalation is indicative of a _____ problem, ie lesions below the ____

Answer 6

intrathoracic;

larynx

Question 7

2 examples of variable extrathoracic obstruction:

Answer 7

vocal cord dysfunction, obstructive sleep apnea

Question 8

2 examples of variable intrathoracic obstruction

Answer 8

endobronchial tumor, tracheal tumor

Question 9

RSV is most common from ___ to ____ in the midwest

Answer 9

Nov-april

Question 10

RSV is the most common cause of ____ and ____ in infants. It is called the “happy _____”

Answer 10

pneumonia, bronchiolitis;

wheezer

Question 11

in older children, RSV causes ____

Answer 11

otitis media

Question 12

in infants, RSV can cause ______; treatment is ____

Answer 12

apnea;

supportive (O2 and IV fluids)

Question 13

prevention of RSV?

Answer 13

palivizumab (monoclonal Ab)

Question 14

Parainfluenza causes _____ aka ____ in infants

Answer 14

laryngotracheobronchitis, croup

Question 15

Croup characteristcs:
inspiratory ____ due to submucosal edema in the trachea;
_____ cough

Answer 15

stridor;

harsh, barking “Seal like”

Question 16

characteristic x-ray finding of patients with croup

Answer 16

“steeple sign” (narrowing of trachea due to edema

Question 17

children with acute respiratory distress often assume the ____ position to maximize airway opening

Answer 17

tripod

Question 18

unvaccinated kid presents with drooling, respiratory distress, and stridor– probably diagnosis?

Answer 18

Hemophilus (epiglottis)

Question 19

characteristic finding of HiB infection:

Answer 19

thumbprint sign (thickening of epiglottitis)

Question 20

symptoms: pseudomembranous pharyngitis, lymphadenopathy;

diagnosis =

Answer 20

diptheria