Lecture 18 Skin

Question 1

Where is vitamin D synthesised?

Answer 1

Skin

Question 2

What are the layers of skin from outside to in?

Answer 2

Epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous tissue

Question 3

What is a vesicle?

Answer 3

Raised clear fluid filled lesion

Question 4

What is a bulla?

Answer 4

Raised clear fluid filled lesion >0.5cm

Question 5

What is a macule?

Answer 5

Flat area, altered colour,

Question 6

What is a patch?

Answer 6

Flat area altered colour or texture >0.5cm

Question 7

What is a plaque?

Answer 7

Palpable scaling raised lesion >0.5cm. Red, scaly, bumpy, itchy. Elbows

Question 8

What is a papule?

Answer 8

Solid raised lesion

Question 9

What is a nodule?

Answer 9

Solid raised lesion >0.5cm with deeper component

Question 10

What are papillomas?

Answer 10

wart like

Question 11

Name the benign lesions

Answer 11

Fibroepithelial polyps, naevi, sebaceous cyst, seborrhoeic keratosis, haemangioma

Question 12

What are fibroepithelial polyps?

Answer 12

Common in middle-aged and older people. Flesh coloured bag like lesion (mine).

Question 13

Where are fibroepithelial polyps found?

Answer 13

Face, neck, axilla, groin, trunk.

Question 14

What are naevi?

Answer 14

Proliferation of melanocytes (colour producing cells).

Question 15

What are sebaceous cysts?

Answer 15

Term covers two types of cysts. Invagination of epithelium. Pilar cyst and epidermoid cyst.

Question 16

What is seborrhoeic keratosis?

Answer 16

Middle aged and older people, spontaneous arrival. Head, neck and trunk

Question 17

What is haemoangioma

Answer 17

vascular tumours of the dermis, children, bluey red surface.

Question 18

What are the melignant lesions?

Answer 18

BCC, Bowen’s disease, SCC, melanoma

Question 19

What is BCC?

Answer 19

Basal cell carcinoma. Most common human cancer, slow growing, rarely metastasize. Sun exposed.

Question 20

What is Bowen’s disease?

Answer 20

Precursor to SCC. Epidermal dysplasia. Sun damage.

Question 21

What is SCC?

Answer 21

Squamous cell carcinoma. Second commonest skin tumour. Sun exposed. Older people.

Question 22

What is melanoma?

Answer 22

Skin cancer. Common. Sun damage skin. Very aggressive and spread widely.

Question 23

Melanoma ABCDE

Answer 23

Asymmetry, border, colour, diameter and enlarge

Question 24

What are the mentioned inflammatory conditions?

Answer 24

Raches, psoriasis, scabies and meningitis

Question 25

What are rashes?

Answer 25

Inflam skin reactions, eczema “to boil over”. Itching, burning, rash, blisters

Question 26

What is psoriasis?

Answer 26

Elbows, knees, scalp and lubosacral area and glens penis. Salmon pink plaques with silver scaling.

Question 27

What can psoriasis by associated with?

Answer 27

Nail changes, arthritis, myopathy, enteropathy and spondylic joint disease.

Question 28

What is scabies?

Answer 28

Common, very itchy. Human scabies mites. Young and elderly. Skin to skin spread.

Question 29

Where are scabies mites found?

Answer 29

Web spaces of fingers, palms, wrists, ankles and soles. Burrows are small greyish lines on skin

Question 30

What conditions involve sin in systemic disease?

Answer 30

Meningitis, Systemic lupus erythematosus and internal malignancy

Question 31

What are meningitis symptoms?

Answer 31

Unwell, headache, stiff neck, photopobia, aching limbs, cold hands and feed

Question 32

What do people with meningococcal septicaemia develop?

Answer 32

rach of tiny pink prick spots -> devlop into purple bruising