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AEBI210 > lecture 17, angiosperms > Flashcards

lecture 17, angiosperms Flashcards

1
Q

what is the significance of Angeion?

A

largest phylum of photosynthetic organisms

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2
Q

when did angiosperms first appear?

A

140 mya

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3
Q

what are the distinctive features of angiosperms?

A

flowers and fruits

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4
Q

the flower contains:

A

a determinate shoot, sporophylls- sporangium-bearing leaves, carpel (contains ovules), inflorescences or solitary flowers

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5
Q

what are sterile appendages?

A

sepals (calyx) and petals (corolla)
-attached to receptacle

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6
Q

what is a perianth

A

sepals and petals together

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7
Q

what is a tepal

A

undifferentiated perianth

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8
Q

What are the fertile parts of an angiosperm?

A

gynoecium/carpels. contains:
- ovary
- style
- stigma

androecium/stamens. contains:
- filament
- anther

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9
Q

what are the 4 whorls of an angiosperm?

A

sepal, petal, stamen, carpel

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10
Q

what can flowers be clustered into?

A

inflorescences

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11
Q

what is a penduncle?

A

stalk of cluster or solitary flower

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12
Q

what is a pedicel?

A

stalk of individual flower in a cluster

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13
Q

what compound does the hemlock plant produce

A

umbel

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14
Q

what are ovules partitioned into?

A

locules

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15
Q

what are inflorescences?

A

many flowers as opposed to one single flower

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16
Q

what is a locule?

A

a compartment, a level of organization within the ovary

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17
Q

where are vascular bundles found in angiosperms?

A

in ovary walls

18
Q

what are the variations in flower structure? plant structure?

A

flowers: perfect and imperfect

plants: monoecious and dioecious

19
Q

what are perfect flowers?

A

bisexual/hermaphrodite, both stamens and carpels

20
Q

what are imperfect flowers?

A

unisexual, either staminate or carpellate (pistillate)

21
Q

what is a monoecious plant?

A

has both sets of flowers

22
Q

what is a dioecious plant?

A

female and male plants

23
Q

what is a hypogynous flower?

A

sepals, petals, and stamens below ovary

24
Q

what is a perigynous flower?

A

SPS fused to form cup-shaped extension of receptacle, hypanthium

25
Q

what is an epigynous flower?

A

SPS above the ovaries

26
Q

What is Epigyny

A

sepals, petals and stamens arise from top of ovary

27
Q

what is perigyny

A

flowers SPS attached to hypanthium

28
Q

what does a pollen grain contain?

A

sperm cells and a vegetative nucleus

29
Q

microspores are found within the …

A

anther

30
Q

megaspores are found within the…

A

ovule

31
Q

how many microspores are within each anther?

A

4 - each divides into a microgametophyte after meiosis

32
Q

how many megaspores are within an ovule?

A

4 haploid megaspores result after meiosis. 3 disintegrate and 1 develops into megagametophyte

33
Q

what does each microspores divide into?

A

a vegetative, or tube cell and generative cell - an immature microgametophyte / pollen grain

34
Q

what happens during germination?

A

generative cell divides into two sperm cells (mature microgametophyte)

35
Q

the 4th female megaspore develops into …

A

a megagametophyte

36
Q

a zygote is formed by..

A

the 1st sperm fusing with the egg

37
Q

what does the 2nd sperm cell do?

A

fuses with 2 polar nuclei –> triploid primary endosperm nucleus - nutritive tissue of embryo

38
Q

the embryo develops in what

A

within the embryo sac

39
Q

what does the integument develop into?

A

the seed coat

40
Q

what are the 4 groups angiosperms are divided into?

A
  1. dicots
  2. monocots
  3. magnoliid
  4. basal angiosperms
41
Q

traits of magnoliids

A
  • 3rd group of angiosperms
  • one family: magnoliaceae
  • representative of early angiosperms
  • simple flowers
42
Q

what is ANITA?

A

Amborella, Nymphaeales and Iliciales, Trimeniaceae-Austrobaileya

AEBI210 (25 decks)

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