L9, respiration

Question 1

where does respiration occur?

Answer 1

partly inside the mitochondria, by enzymes embedded in the cristae

Question 2

what is purpose of respiration?

Answer 2

to oxidize carbohydrates and produce ATP

Question 3

what is the first stage of respiration?

Answer 3

glycolysis (glucose is converted to 2 pyruvate and 4 hydrogen atoms)

Question 4

where does pyruvate go to , i.e., what is it then used for after glycolysis?

Answer 4

passes from the cytosol to the matrix of the mitochondria where it is converted to Acetyl CoA which the enters the citric acid cycle/krebs

Question 5

what does the citric acid cycle produce?

Answer 5

oxaloacetate, 2CO2, CoA, 1ATP, 3NADH, 3H, 1FADH

Question 6

what happens after the citric acid cycle?

Answer 6

electrons and energy produced from the citric acid cycle enter the ETC. most of the energy produced from the citric acid cycle are in NADH and FADH2 which are the carriers for the electrons that are passed onto the ETC

Question 7

where is the ETC located?

Answer 7

in the cristae (inner mitochondria membrane)

Question 8

what happens within the ETC?

Answer 8

oxidative phosphorylation: electron carriers (NADH and FADH2) donate H-atoms to the complexes (eg. Cyt.b) which then release them into the intermembrane space creating a gradient. electrons travel through the complexes simultaneously. protons in the intermembrane space then enter the ATP synthase complex where ADP + Pi–> ATP

Question 9

what is the total number of ATP’s produced during respiration?

Answer 9

36

Question 10

how does anaerobic respiration work?

Answer 10

there is no O2 at the end of the ETC to take on electrons. Pyruvate does not enter the citric acid cycle, and instead undergoes alcohol fermentation. anaerobic respiration can still produce some ATP