Lecture 16 - Gastrointestinal Pathology III Flashcards
1
Q
Cholelithasis
A
- gallbladder disease
- stones in the gallbladder, typically asymptomatic
- Most common type of stones = cholesterol stones and pigment stones (bilirubin)
2
Q
Cholecystitis
A
- gallbladder disease
- inflammation of the gallbladder
- swells, fills w. pus/mucous, thickened wall
- most causes due to cholelithasis, causes bile stasis which is toxic to gallbladder
3
Q
Choledocholithiasis
A
- calcuil (stones) in the biliary tree (ducts within the liver)
4
Q
Cholangiocarcinoma
A
malignant tumor/cancer found in the liver or biliary tree though it originated from epithelium of bile ducts
- adenocarcinomas - biliary differentiation
5
Q
Biliary Atresia
A
- a congenital anomaly of the biliary system
- the disappearance/regression of the extrahepatic bile duct (no way for bile to get out of the liver).
6
Q
Acute Pancreatitis
A
- inflammation of the pancreas
- reversible inflammation
- severe changes: Edema, Necrosis by lipases, Acute inflammation, Destruction of blood vessels with hemorrhage, Possible sequela - pseudocysts.
- clinically= abdominal pain, elevated pancreatic enzymes
7
Q
Chronic Pancreatitis
A
- inflammation of the pancreas
- symptoms less severe, but ends worse
- irreversible destruction of exocrine pancreas due to long standing inflammation and fibrosis
- commonly caused by: long term alcohol abuse
- clinically = jaundice, GI symptoms, abdominal/back pain, some silent until development of diabetes melitus
- high mortality rate
8
Q
Pancreatic Carcinoma
A
- most common tumor of the pancreas
- not as common as lung, colon, breast cancer but is much more lethal
9
Q
Pancreatic Carcinoma
- type that arises in gland
A
- ductal adenocarcinoma of exocrine gland (most common) and endocrine
10
Q
Pancreatic carcinoma
- most common site
A
- head of pancreas
11
Q
Desmoplasia
A
- intense fibrosis
- extensive scar tissue as tumor invades
- pancreatic carcinoma is highly invasive and provokes desmoplastic response
