Lecture 16 Flashcards
Is the upper or lower limb relatively more mobile?
Upper limb is significantly more mobile
when compared to the more stable lower limb
What is the primary function of the upper limb?
to move freely/sense and grasp objects around
Relatively larger area of the cerebral cortex
Less primitive locamotion and support, more Specialised at gathering information and manipulating surrounding environment
Great precision and highly variable speed and strength
What is another name for the shoulder joint?
Glenohumeral Joint
What are the 4x components of the upper limb?
- Hand
- Forearm
- Arm
- Pectoral Girdle/Shoulder
What is another word for shoulder?
pectoral girdle
What are the 2x parts of the pectoral girdle?
clavicle (collar bone)
scapula (shoulder blade)
What is another word for shoulder blade?
scapula
What is another word for collar bone?
clavicle
What does the pectoral girdle link and at what joint?
Sternum to clavicle
at sternoclavicular joint
-act as a mobile base, and extend the range of movement of the free limb
-muscles associated are needed to give sufficient control of free limb movements
What is the most mobile joint in the body?
Shoulder joint
widest range of movement –> relatively unstable –> require increased muscles to control and stabilise
What is the relationship between joints, movements, muscles and stability.
More Mobile joints = less stable = require more muscle attachment to control and stabilise
What are the essential features of the pelvic girdle?
complete ring
2x joints to join 2x hemipelvises
1. Axial skeleton(sacrum) and illiam = sacroilliac joint - fibrous joint, strong, not much movement
2. between 2x halves of pelvis’ pubis = pubic symphosis - fibrocratilagenous pad, syncondrosis, short and strong
What are the essential features of the Sacroilliac joint?
between axial skeleton (sacrum) and illium of the pelvis
strong and stable joint
doesn’t allow much movement
fibrous joint
What are the essential features of the Pubic sysmphosis?
Joins the 2x halves of the pelvis/hemipelvises together
fibrocartilagenous pad
Syncondrosis - short and strong
What type of joint is the pubic symphosis?
Syncondrosis
What is the relationship between the 2x sides of the pelvis?
NOT independant from one another
-what affects one side affects the other
What is another name for the arm?
brachium
What is another name for the forearm?
Anti-brachium
What is another name for the manus?
hand
What is the relationship between the 2x sides of the pectoral girdle?
INdependant
- can move one of your arms and the other wont be affected
- 2x bones havent fused - synovial joints for movement
What is the comparison between the 2x girdles of the body?
Pelvic and pectoral girdle are fundamentally different
-and this has an emphasis on their function
What does the pectoral girdle link?
Free limb with acial skeleton (via sternum) - more specfically Manubrium (font of thorax/only boney link between the upper limb and the rest of the body)
What is the only boney link between the free upper limb and the rest of the body?
Part of the Sternum called the manubrium
What are movements of the pectoral girdle normally based around?
Scapula
-broad flat bone on back of thorax
-retraction, protraction, elevation, depression, superior and inferior rotation
NO ABD or ADD with the Pectoral Girdle