Lecture 11 Flashcards
From what 4x vessels would you be expected to take a pulse?
- Femoral Pulse (1/2 way between ASIS + Pubic Symphysis)
- Popliteal Artery (very deep)
- Dorsalis Pedis (inline with 2nd toe at top of foot)
- Posterior Tibial artery (around posterior malleolus)
- dont need to push as hard onto dorsalis pedis and Posterior Tibial artery, as easy to compress and then might not find anything
Gastrocnemius
Most Superficial muscle
“calf” muscle
Origin: Medial Head: medial condyle of femur. Lateral Head: lateral condyle femur
Insertion: Post Calcaneus (via Tendon Achilles)
-2x heads meet about midcalf region and fuse (with soleus) to form big and this calcaneus tendon
Action: Plantarflexes ankle, flexes knee
Does cross knee joint (inferior medial and lateral borders or politeal fossa- which is superior to knee joint)
Nerve Supply: Tibial
Soleus
“Sole/fish/flounder” - for fibre direction
Deeper than gastroc
Doesnt cross knee joint
Workhorse of calf muscle, use all the time when standing and walking
Origin: Superior 1/3 fibula and soleal line of tibia
-soleus comes off both the tibia and fibula
Insertion: Post calcaneus (via tendon achilles)
Action: Planterflexes ankle
Nerve Supply: Tibial Nerve
Plantaris
Origin: Superior to lateral head of Gastrocnemius on femur
Insertion: Medial side of TA
Action: Plantarflexes ankle
Nerve Supply: Tibial
Triceps Surae
- Gastrocnemius (medial and Lateral heads)
- Soleus
- inserting as 1x complex head into the calcaneous/Archilles bone
- Gastrocenmius = HAS affect on knee as crosses the knee
- Soleus = DOESNT affect knee as Doesnt cross the knee joint
What are the 3x components of the Superficial Posterior muscles of the leg?
- Gastrocnemius
- Soleus
- Plantaris
Tibialis Posterior
Largest Deep Posterior LEg muscle
Essentially same place as tibialis Anterior but on the under/Plantar surface of those bone - Opposing action - Inverts foot
Origin: Posterior tibia, fibula and interosseus membrane
Attaches to both Tibia and Fibula
Runs medially
Insertion: Navicular with slips to all mid and hind foot bones
Inserts into both navicular and medial cuneiform
Action: Plantarflexes ankle, inverts foot
Nerve Supply: Tibial Nerve
Flexor Digitorum Longus
Origin: Middle half of tibia Runs posterior to tibia Insertion: Distal Phalanges of lateral 4 toes - spreads into tendons out to the Lateral 4x toes under the retinaculum Action: Flexes toes, plantarflexes ankle Nerve Supply: Tibial nerve
Flexors Hallucis Longus
Origin: Inferior 2/3 fibula and interosseus membrane
Insertion: Distal Phalanx great toe
Action: Flexes great toe, plantarflexes ankle
Nerve Supply: Tibial Nerve
Popliteus
Origin:Lateral Condyle femur and lateral meniscus
Insertion: Posterior tibia Superior to soleal
Action: Medially rotates tibia
Nerve Supply: Tibial
What are the 4x components of the Deep Posterior Compartment muscles?
- Tibialis Posterior
- Flexor Digitorum Longus
- Flexor Hallucis Longus
- Popliteus
What is the difference between the affect on knee movement between the 2x heads of Gastrocnemius and Soleus (components of Triceps Surae)?
2x heads of Gastrocnemis (medial and Lateral) are attached superior to knee joint = make up inferior border of popliteal fossa =therefore CROSS the knee joint and DO affect knee movmemnt
-High Jump, Running, Sprinting
Soleus = inferior part of leg = DOESNT cross knee joint = therefore DOESNT have any affect on knee movement
What is the difference between roles of Gastrocnemius (2x heads medial and lateral) and role of Soleus - these are the 3x components of Triceps Surae?
Gastroc = high jump, running and sprinting
-affects knee movmement as crosses knee joint
Soleus = walking and standing = workhorse of calf muscle -used all the time when standing and walking
Combined these muscles are a very effective unit
What component(s) of triceps surae are utilised for walking and standing?
Soleus
What component(s) of triceps surae are utilised for high jump, running and sprinting?
2x heads of Gastrocnemius (medial and lateral)
