Lecture 15: Acupuncture Flashcards
What are the 4 modalities of TCVM
- Acupuncture
- Herbal medicine
- Food therapy
- Tui-na (medical manipulation)
what is meant by yin and yang
no yin exists without yang, no yang exists without yin.
The properties of a given situation can depend upon the alternative
what are some yin properties
Female, dim, dark, night, cooling, interior, descent, stillness, rest, posterior, tail
what are some yang properties
male, bright, light, day, warming, exterior, ascent, movement, activity, anterior, head
which elements are part of the 5 element theory And how do they interact
- Wood
- Fire
- Earth
- Metal
- Water
Relationships between 5 elements describe relationship between organ systems and body and environment
what are the 5 important Zhang (yin organ systems)
1.LU-lung
2. SP-spleen
3. HT-heart
4. KID- kidney
5. LIV-liver
what element is lung organ system associated with and what element
metal, thoracic limb
what parts of body is lung Zhang yin organ system associated with
respiratory tract, nose, skin, body hair
how many points does lung have
11
lung Zang yin organ system very sensitive to ___
dryness
what element and limb is associated with spleen zang yin organ system
earth, pelvic limb
what body parts are associated with spleen in zang fu organ system
spleen, digestion, most of GIT, lips, movement of body fluid
how many points does spleen have
21
the spleen is the __of the body, point of __, very sensitive to __
center, point of balance, sensitive to damp
what element is the heart zang fu associated with and what limb
fire, thoracic limb
what body parts, functions is heart zang fu organ system associated with
heart, CV system, house of mind/mentation
how many points does heart have
9
what is teh most important zang organ
heart
what element and limb is kidney associated with in zang fu organ system
water, pelvic limb
what body parts/systems is kidney in zang fu organ system associated with
urinary system, reproductive system, bones, teeth, marrow, spinal cord, hind limbs
how many points does kidney have
27
what element and limb is liver associated with in zang fu organ system
wood, pelvic limb
what body parts/systems is liver in zang fu organ system associated with
liver, ligaments, tendons, feet, nails, endurance, regulates circulation
how many points does liver have
14
liver zang fu organ system very sensitive to
stress
what is the gate theory
acupuncture activates specific receptors that block pain transmission, block C-fibers
what is MOA of acupuncture
1a: activation of hagemans factor XII
2a. Activate coag and complement cascade
2b. Produces plasminogen, protein kinins prostaglandins
1b. Mast cell degranulation
2b. Release of histamine, heparin, proteases, bradykinin
- Increased lymph and BF to area, increased immune response, relaxation of muscles and fascia
how does acupuncture modulate pain
stimulates release of neuroactive molecules like B-endorphin, dynorphin, and enkephalin
Increase endogenous opioids
how does naloxone affect response to acupuncture
decreases, blocks opioids
how does dexamethasone affect response to acupuncture
decreases, decrease B-endorphin
how does procaine affect response to acupuncture
block signal transmission
how does an adrenalectomy affect response to acupuncture
increase B-endorphin levels, increase AP analgesia
how does a hypophysectomy affect response to acupuncture
eliminates AP analgesia
what are some arguments against using acupuncture
- Effectiveness could be real or perceived- lack of evidence
- Placebo effect from owners
- Poor understanding of MOA
what are some contraindications for acupuncture
- Pregnancy
- Severe illness
- Very old
- Seizures- don’t use electro acupuncture
- Heart murmur or arrhythmia
what are some limitations of acupuncture
- Can’t be used as primary tx
- Effects are cumulative so takes a while to see results
- Research difficult to conduct
- Evidence to support use for internal medicine lacking
what is hemoacupuncture and what is it good for
blood letting, clear stagnation, remove excess heat
Recommended for heat stress, laminitis
what is dry needling
insert needles into acupoints or ah shi points
what is aquapuncture good for
injecting diluted vitamin B12
what is moxibustion and what is good for
smoke acupuncture, beak up stagnation, clear cold, warm region or channel
what is electroacupuncture and what is it good for
electrical stimulation of acupoints, low and high frequencies, stronger stimulation than dry needling
Helpful for paralysis
what are permission points
points for calming
what are local points
Centered around specific lesion or injury
