Lecture 14 - Hyperlipidemia

Question 1

Is low HDL or high LDL a more potent predictor of CAD?

Answer 1

Low HDL is a stronger predictor

Question 2

A 10 point increase in HDL level is correlated with a ____% decrease in risk of CAD.

Answer 2

50%

Question 3

Sodium-Glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) acts on the PCT to prevent the re-absorption of ______. Empagliflozin is an example, and it was the first med indicated for DM that reduced cardiovasacular mortality in diabetics. _______ is similar, but lowers CAD mortality in non-diabetics as well.

Answer 3

Glucose

Dapgliflozin

Question 4

While total LDL is not typically high in DM type 2 patients, what’s the issue?

Answer 4

Their LDL is usually the small, dense kind that causes atherosclerosis.

Question 5

What body type/obesity type is most at risk for metabolic syndrome?

Answer 5

Central obesity (big gut)

Question 6

Metabolic Syndrome patients demonstrate 2-3 fold higher risk of death from CAD. What is the only treatment determined to lower that risk?

Answer 6

Lifestyle management

Question 7

HMG-CoA Reductase inhibitors are called _____. They reduce LDL, Triglycerides, and raise HDL. They are the GO-TO management treatment for anyone who has had a cardiac event or is high-risk. In very high-risk patients, a Statin threshold of _____mg/dL should be used to consider addition of nonstatin therapy (i.e. ______ or PCSK9 inhibitors - the latter being the big gun/last resort).

Answer 7

Statins

70mg/dL

Ezetimibe