Lecture 13 Infection Flashcards
What immune cells associated bacterial and fungal infections
Neutrophils
What immune cells are associated with fungal infections
Monocytes
What immune cells are associated with parasite infections
Eosinophils
T lymphocytes are associated with what type of infections
Fungal
Viral
PJP
B lymphocytes are associated with what type of infection
Bacterial
What antibiotics is used to reduce risk of sepsis in haematological malignancies
Ciprofloxacin
What anti-fungal is used to reduce risk of sepsis in haematological malignancies
Fluconazole
Itraconazole
What anti-viral is used to reduce risk of sepsis in haematological malignancies
Aciclovir
What other supportive measures are used to reduce risk of sepsis in haematological malignancies
Growth factors Stem cell rescue Laminar flow rooms Vaccination Ig replacement IV
Depletion of what immune cell is caused by hairy cell leukaemia and chemotherapy
Monocytes
What gram positive bacteria cause febrile neutropenia
Staphylococci: MSSA, MRSA, coagulase negative
Streptococci viridans
What gram negative bacteria cause febrile neutropenia
E. coli
Klebsiella
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
What is the clinical presentation of neutropenic sepsis
Fever with no localising signs Rigos Chest infection Cellulitis UTI Septic shock
What is the first line of action to treat sepsis
Sepsis 6:
- Give O2 to keep sats above 94%
- Take blood cultures
- Give appropriate IV antibiotics within 1 hour
- Measure serum lactate
- IV fluid resuscitation
- Measure urine output
Why is serum lactate measured in sepsis
Due to endogenous epinephrine stimulating beta-2 receptors which up-regulates glycolysis
What investigations should be carried if neutropenic sepsis is suspected
Blood cultures
CXR
Swab of infection site
FBC, renal and liver function, coagulation screen
What type of IV antibiotic should firstly be administered
Broad spectrum
Gentamicin and Tazocin
If a gram positive organism is identified as the cause of neutropenic sepsis what should be added to the broad spectrum antibiotics
Vancomycin or Teicoplanin
What is the common cause of fungal infections in immunocompromised patients
Candida species (Aspergillus)
