Lecture 13 Flashcards
(30 cards)
a softening of bones in immature mammals due to deficiency or impaired metabolism of vitamin D, phosphorus or calcium, potentially leading to fractures and deformity; among the most frequent childhood diseases in many developing countries.
Rickets
family of small cysteine rich cationic peptides. Alpha ______ are highly expressed in neutrophils, beta _______ are secreted by mucosal epithelia. Both are found in saliva and crevicular fluid where they prevent early colonization by pathogens.
defensins
Opposes the actions of PTH to decrease calcium levels in the serum.
calcitonin (CT)
bone disease usually by 2; normal or high calcitrol, common to observe bone alopecia, multiple milia, epidermal cysts and oligodontia; treated w high dose of calcitrol
Type 2 rickets
a softening of the bones, similar to rickets, that can occur in children, but mainly adults.
osteomalacia
expression of the TRPV6 calcium channel gene is dependent on _____
Vitamin D3
Severe vitamin D3 deficiency is best known to cause
rickets
immune mediated disease affecting skin; Vitamin D treatment can help control symptoms; migratory stomatitis in the oral cavity mucosa and tongue are believed to be oral manifestations
psoriasis
______ is a plant/fungi form and most commonly found in dietary supplements and many fortified foods; less absorbable, less potent, and shorter acting
ergocalciferol (vitamin D2)
produced by the parafollicular cells of the thyroid that decreases Ca2+ levels
calcitonin
manifest by age 2 (usually by 6 months); primary defect is in 25(OH)D-1 hydrolase; low circulating calcitrol; treated w massive doses of vitamin D
Type 1 rickets
closely related homolog produced by various cells that plays an important role in tooth eruption and endochondral bone formation
PTHrP
related antimicrobial peptides are a family of polypeptides found in lysosomes of macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs); serve a critical role in mammalian innate immune defense against invasive bacterial infection; broad spectrum antibacterial activity.Have been also studied in terms of a role in periodontal disease.
Cathelicidin
Ca2+ levels in serum are sensed by the ______ gland through the _________
parathyroid gland; calcium sensing receptor (CaSR)
A pro-hormone which requires metabolic activation to generate the most active chemical form; activation pathway involves a UV-activated step which means that it must either be obtained via the diet or be produced via a sunlight activated step.
Vitamin D3/ cholecalciferol
Vitamin D3 plays a major role in control of _____ homeostasis in circulation
Ca2+
______ provides the majority of the circulating 1,25(OH)2D3
kidney
the active form of vitamin D is commonly referred to as
calcitrol
caries risk _______ w insufficiency of Vitamin D
increases
biologically active form of vitamin D
1-alpha, 25(OH)2-D3
the skeleton, gut, and kidney play critical roles in the homeostasis of _____
Ca2+
serum levels of ______ are an indicator of how much vitamin D is entering the host; _____ is transported in serum by Vitamin D binding protein (DBP) which is a member of the albumin family of proteins
25(OH)D3
produced by the chief cells of the parathyroid gland in response to low calcium levels in the circulation. It acts to increase Ca2+ levels. Stimulates production of 1,25(OH)2D3, the biologically active form of Vitamin D.
parathyroid hormone (PT)
T/F: VDR does not play a role in hari growth
False
