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Histology SU2017 > Lecture 12- Mucous membranes (travers) > Flashcards

Lecture 12- Mucous membranes (travers) Flashcards

1
Q

mucous membrane is composed of 2 tissues

A

epithelium

connective tissue

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2
Q

the blood vessels are located in the

A

lamina propia/ submucosa

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3
Q

the connective tissue is comprised of the… and sometimes…

A

lamina propia

submucosa

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4
Q

the minor salivary glands are located in the … or…

A

lamina propia or submucosa

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5
Q

…. tissue is also embedded in the oral mucosa in the form of the lingual and palatine tonsils

A

lymphoid

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6
Q

which is better at protection/barrier? epithelium or basal lamina

A

epithelium

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7
Q

immune cells are in the….

A

lamina propia

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8
Q

epithelial cells synthesize and secrete several antimicrobial molecules including… which are present all the time but the number and variety increase when there is an infection

A

beta-defensins

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9
Q

beta defensins are ….-rich and …. charged. They bind to…. on… and permeate and leak intracellular contents

A
  • cytsteine-rich
  • positively charged(cationic)
  • neg. charged bacterial membranes
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10
Q

the oral mucosa is…. innervated

A

highly

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11
Q

The innervation of the oral mucosa contrasts with pulp/dentin/PDL not because of more innervation but because of more

A

variety of types of sensations

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12
Q

Nerve fibers activated in pulp and dentin, you feel…

A

pain

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13
Q

nerve fibers innervated in the PDL, you feel…

A

pain and proprioception

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14
Q

Nerve fibers activated in the oral mucosa triggers the following sensations

A

touch
pain
innocuous thermal
taste

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15
Q

What are the nerve fibers in dentin and pulp that transmit pain

A

C
A delta
A beta

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16
Q

What are the two fibers in the PDL that transmit pain and the one that transmits proprioception

A

PAIN:
C and A delta

PROPRIOCEPTION:
A beta

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17
Q

What nerve fiber in the oral mucosa transmits TOUCH (non painful) sensation

A

A beta

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18
Q

What nerve fibers in the oral mucosa transmit pain sensation

A

A delta and C

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19
Q

What nerve fibers in the oral mucosa transmit innocuous thermal sensation

A

A delta and C

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20
Q

What nerve fiber in the oral mucosa transmits taste sensation

A

A delta ?

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21
Q

ALL oral epithelium is….. epithelium

A

stratified squamous

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22
Q

oral epithelium is… renewing

A

self

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23
Q

the deep layers of the epithelium in the oral mucosa are involved in

A

cell division

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24
Q

the superficial layers of the epithelium in the oral mucosa are involved in

A

migrating, maturing and eventually are sloughed off the surface

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25
Q

turnover times from fastest to slowest

A 
FASTEST:
gut
Junctional Epithelium
Taste buds
Cheek
Gingiva
Skin
SLOWEST
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26
Q

which cells are most numerous in the oral epithelium

A

keratinocytes

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27
Q

what are the 3 non-keratinocytes of the oral epithelium?

A

Merkel cells
Melanocytes
Langerhans

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28
Q

What are the 2 clear cells of the oral epithelium

A

melanocytes

langerhans

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29
Q

Merkel cells are… and are in the … layers

A

sensory

basal

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30
Q

Melanocytes are… cells and are in the …. layers

A

pigment

basal

31
Q

Langerhans are… cells and are in the … layers

A

dendritic/immune

supra-basal layers

32
Q

different oral regions are lined by… vs…. epithelium

A

keratinized

non-keratinized

33
Q

Both keratinized and nonkeratinized epithelia have … and… layers.

A

basal and prickle

34
Q

Keratinized has a…. layer where non-keratinized has a … layer

A

granular

intermediate

35
Q

both keratinized and nonkeratinized all cells of the epithelium have .. proteins

A

cytokeratin

36
Q

cytokeratins assemble into…

A

intermediate filaments

37
Q

2 major groups of cytokeratins

A 
type 1 (acidic)
type 2 (basic)
38
Q

Type 1 and type 2 cytokeratin assemble into a

A

heterodimer

39
Q

The heterodimer has a central helical core flanked by..

A

non-helical ends

40
Q

Each cell expresses at least… cytokeratins

A

2 (one of each type)

41
Q

…. heterodimers make up an intermediate filament which is only 10nM

A

10K

42
Q

intermediate filaments are very…

A

mechanically tough

43
Q

intermediate filaments are stronger than both…

A

microtubules and microfilaments(actin)

44
Q

mutations in cytokeratins…. cause epidermolysis bullosa complex (EB simplex)

A

5 and 14

45
Q

Epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EB simplex) is rare and what results in….
It is most severe in epidermis but also oral consequences

A

blistering in response to minor trauma

46
Q

cytokeratin expression can change with… state

A

disease

47
Q

cytokeratins 8 and 18 are only in the junctional epithelium normally but increase in other epithelium during…

A

cancer

48
Q

mutations in cytokeratin genes can produce ….. diseases

A

regionally-specific

49
Q

an example of a regionally-specific cytokeratin gene mutation is….

A

whit sponge nevus

50
Q

white sponge nevus has mutations in cytokeratins…. and affects non-keratinized epithelia

A

4 and 13

51
Q

cytokeratins are not expressed in…

A

clear cells (melanocytes and dendritic/langerhans)

52
Q

do cytokeratins increase or decrease in superficial layers?

A

increase

53
Q

in keratinized epithelium, cytokeratins promote… and form… which bind to…

A

aggregation
tonofibrils
fillagrin

54
Q

cytokeratins in non keratinized epithelium do NOT promote..

A

aggregation

55
Q

Keratinized epithelium is…. but less…. than non-keratinized epithelium

A

tougher

less flexible

56
Q

toughness of epithelium is related to …. but permeability is more directly related to other factors

A

cytokeratins

57
Q

membrane coating granules are membrane-bound organelles filled with… and they first appear in …. layers and are released in more superficial layers to coat cell

A

glycolipids

upper prickle layers

58
Q

membrane coating granules occur in both…. and serve as an…

A
  • keratinized and nonkeratinized

- intercellular barrier to aqueous substances

59
Q

membrane coating granules are more effective as a barrier in …. epithelium due to differences in chemical composition

A

keratinized

60
Q

there is a membrane thickening which is an inner face of keratinocytes in upper layers of…

A

both keratinized and nonkeratinized epithelia

61
Q

The membrane thickening is much more pronounced in …. and has a … which is a 15nm cross-linked protein sheath comprised of…. and other proteins

A
  • keratinized epithelium
  • cornified envelope
  • Loricrin
62
Q

the relative amount of type 1 to type 3 collagen is greater for …. regions of the oral cavity

A

less flexible

63
Q

Elastin is more prominent in… than in pulp or PDL

A

oral mucosa

64
Q

the lamina propia is split into a … layer and an underlying… layer

A

papillary

reticular

65
Q

…. of the gingiva reflects underlying rete pegs and connective tissue papillae

A

stippling

66
Q

when the lamina propia is connected directly to the bone (i.e. there is no submucosa) it is called… and this happens in the gingiva, hard palate next to gingiva, rugae region and median raphe

A

mucoperiosteum

67
Q

the tongue has no submucosa so the lamina propia is connected directly to the..

A

muscle

68
Q

A …. is present under some regions of the oral mucosa and it contains larger vessels and nerves supplying the superficial LP, glands and separates LP from bone and muscle

A

submucosa

69
Q

are cytokeratins found in the ECM of the oral mucosa?

A

no (their inside the cells)

70
Q

the masticatory mucosa is made up of the… and the…

A

gingiva and hard palate

71
Q

The underside of the tongue, floor of the mouth, alveolar mucosa, soft palate, checck all comprise what kind of mucosa?

A

lining

72
Q

the dorsal part of the tongue and the vermilion borders of the lip are… mucosa

A

specialized

73
Q

do you have sweat or mucous glands in the vermillion zone?

A

no

Histology SU2017 (14 decks)

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