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Histology SU2017 > Lecture 10- Periodontium (foster) > Flashcards

Lecture 10- Periodontium (foster) Flashcards

1
Q

An extension of enamel organ, transforms from the cervical loop. It is a bilayer of IEE and OEE

A

hertwigs root sheath

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2
Q

What are the functions of hertwigs sheath

A
  • “architect” of the root defining size and shape (morphogenesis)
  • induces root odontoblast differentiation
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3
Q

The … and …. of roots DEPENDS on HERS cell … and…

A
  • size and shap

- migration and proliferation

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4
Q

What are the processes called of HERS that are referred to as tongues that grow toward one another

A

epithelial interradicular processes

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5
Q

HERS induces …. cells to differentiate to pre-odontoblasts and then odontoblasts

A

dental papilla cells

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6
Q

…. forms in step with HERS proliferation

A

root dentin

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7
Q

is HERS permanent or transient?

A

transient

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8
Q

Some HERS cells become …

A

epithelial rests of Malassez (ERM)

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9
Q

HERS disintegrates shortly after…

A

inducing root odontoblast differentiation

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10
Q

… appear as clumps, strands or network of cells in the PDL and are surrounded by a basement membrane. Sometimes are close to the root and sometimes several layers away

A

ERM (epithelial rests of Malassez)

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11
Q

… can cause cysts. They are speculated to be involved with PDL homeostasis or regeneration but it is not proven

A

ERM (epithelial rests of Malassez)

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12
Q

root dentin comes from … cells

A

ectomesenchyme

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13
Q

dentinogenesis of root is largely the same as crown dentin except interacts with IEE of…. instead of….

A
  • HERS

- IEE of enamel organ

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14
Q

Mouse example:
epithelial-mesenchymal signaling in the root starts in … with the … TF which secretes signal called…. (paracrine kind of signal) and that signal goes to …. cells which then induces …. TF and then downstream the…. TF which causes odontoblast differentiation

A
  • HERS
  • Smad4
  • Sonic hedgehog (SHH)
  • papilla
  • Gli1
  • Nfic
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15
Q

Mouth example:
Without Nfic TF, the dental papilla cannot respond to…. and cells do not differentiate into odontoblasts which causes rootless teeth

A

HERS signaling

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16
Q

3 development root defects

A
  1. rootless teeth
  2. dilaceration
  3. taurodontism
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17
Q

…. is when there is a large pulp chamber at the expense of the root/furcation

A

taurodontism

18
Q

…. is a deformity in shape/direction of root

A

dilaceration

19
Q

cementum comes in … main types. these types are defined by the presence/absence of cells within its…. and the origin of ….

A
  • 2
  • matrix
  • collagen fibers of the matrix
20
Q

2 major types of cementum

A

acellular cementum

cellular cementum

21
Q

acellular cementum is also called… or…

A
  • Acellular extrinsic fiber cementum (AEFC)

- primary cementum

22
Q

cellular cementum is also called…. or …

A
  • cellular intrinsic fiber cementum

- secondary cemntum

23
Q

the primary acellular cementum covers …. of the root

A

2/3

24
Q

the secondary cellular cementum covers the…. of the root

A

apical 1/3

25
Q

2 minor types of cementum

A
  1. acellular afibrillar cementum (AAC)

2. Cellular mixed stratified cementum (CMSC)

26
Q

AAC is present right by the…

A

CEJ

27
Q

…. is a mix of alternating acellular and cellular layers or cementum in the root

A

CMSC

28
Q

4 functions of the cementum

A
  1. attachment- acellular mainly
  2. Protects- root resorption/ repairs resorption pits
  3. Adjusts tooth position (cellular only)
  4. Seals dentin tubules
29
Q

cementum composition

A
  • 50% inorganic/HA
  • 35% organic (90% type 1)
  • 15% water
30
Q

3 characteristics of cementum physiology which are different from bone

A
  1. avascular
  2. non-innervated
  3. no turnover- growth by apposition
31
Q

classic hypothesis for origin of cementum

A

ectomesenchyme
dental follicle cells
cementoblast

32
Q

functions of cementoblasts

A

make acellular and cellular cementum

33
Q

fate of cementoblasts

A

remain in PDL close to cementum surface, regulate slow cementum growth through life, direct cementum repair

34
Q

origin of cementoblasts

A

from dental follicle (ectomesenchyme)

35
Q

Products of cementoblasts

A
  1. collagen
  2. ECM proteins
  3. enzymes that promote cementum mineralization
36
Q

… are a subset of cementoblasts that become embedded in the cellular cementum matrix (so origin is follicle/ectomesenchyme)

A

cementocytes

37
Q

Extrinsic fibers are continuity of extrinsic fibers and initial intrinsic fibers and they will become mineralized …. within cementum

A

Sharpey’s fibers

38
Q

…. produce primary collagen fiber bundles of PDL space and are stitched to first cementum intrinsic fibers

A

PDL fibroblasts

39
Q

Extrinsic fibers (sharpeys fibers) are the MAJOR fiber group for

A

acellular cementum

40
Q

Extrinsic fibers (sharpeys fibers) enter acellular cementum at ..

A

high density

41
Q

Extrinsic fibers (sharpeys fibers) are critical to the …. of the acellular cementum

A

function

Histology SU2017 (14 decks)

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