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ANAT30007 > Lecture 12 > Flashcards

Lecture 12 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the precision grip?

A

When the intermediate and distal phalanges and thumbs press against each other.
Prehensile.

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2
Q

How many carpal bones and how many rows of carpals are there?

A

Eight bones in two rows.

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3
Q

What carpal bones are in the bottom row?

A

Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform

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4
Q

What carpal bones are in the second row?

A

Trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, Hamate.

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5
Q

Which carpal bones make contact with the radius?

A

Lunate

Scaphoid

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6
Q

Which side of the scaphoid has its blood supply compromised when the scaphoid is fractured?

A

Proximal

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7
Q

At which point does the scaphoid fracture?

A

Between the proximal and distal ends = point of weakness.

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8
Q

What does a fracture of the hook of Hamate cause?

A

Ulnar canal syndrome

Handlebar neuropathy

Compression of the ulnar artery

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9
Q

What are the fascial components?

A 
Palmar aponeurosis
Hyperthenar fascia
Thenar fascia
Adductor pollicis
Interosseous
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10
Q

Which metacarpals are most likely to fracture?

A

The first and fifth.

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11
Q

What movements occur at the first metacarpal?

A 
Flexion 
Extension
Opposition
Circumduction
Adduction 
Abduction
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12
Q

What is the power grip?

A

When the fingers (sometimes palm) clamp down on an object with the thumb.
Prehensile.

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13
Q

What occurs with contracture of palmar aponeurosis?

A

Thickening and shrinking of palmar fascia.
Typically affecting ring and little finger.
Thought to be inherited.

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14
Q

What is the contents of the carpal tunnel?

A

Flexor tendons
Median nerve
Synovial sheath

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15
Q

What forms the roof and floor of the carpal tunnel?

A

Roof: flexor retinaculum
Floor: carpal bones

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16
Q

What structures pass superficial to the flexor retinaculum?

Over roof of carpal tunnel

A 
Palmaris longus tendon.
Ulnar artery and ulnar nerve.
Superficial branch of radial artery.
Palmar cutaneous branch of median nerve.
Flexor carpi ulnaris.
17
Q

What structures pass deep to the flexor retinaculum?

AKA the carpal tunnel

A 
Flexor digitorium superficialis (4 tendons)
Flexor digitorium profundus (4 tendons)
Flexor pollicis longus
Median nerve
Flexor carpi radialis
Synovial sheaths
18
Q

What are the attachments of the extensor retinaculum?

A

Laterally: radius

Medially: triquetrum, pisiform, flexor carpi ulnaris

19
Q

What are the contents of the extensor retinaculum?

A 
Nine tendons 
Six tunnels
1. APL + EPB
2. ECRL + ECRB
3. EPL
4. ED + EI
5. EDM
6. ECU

Synovial sheaths

20
Q

What are the boundaries and contents of the anatomical snuff box?

A

Contents: radial artery.
Roof: skin, subcutaneous tissue, cephalic vein, radial nerve(superficial branch).
Floor: scaphoid, trapezium.
Boundaries: anteriorly tendons of APL and EPB, posteriorly tendons of EPL.

21
Q

Which muscles form layer 1 of the intrinsic muscles of the hand?
What is their origin and insertion?

A

Thenar:
> Abductor pollicis brevis
> Flexor pollicis brevis

Hypothenar:
> Abductor digiti minimi
> Flexor digiti minimi

Origin: edges of flexor retinaculum
Insertion: base of proximal phalanx

22
Q

Which muscles form layer 2 of the intrinsic muscles of the hand?
What is their origin and insertion?

A

Lumbricals (x4)

Origin: arise from FDP tendons, pass to lateral side of digits
Insertion: dorsally onto extensor expansion (digits 2-4)

23
Q

Which muscles form layer 3 of the intrinsic muscles of the hand?
What is their origin and insertion?

A

Thenar:
> Opponens pollicis
> Adductor pollicis

Hypothenar:
> Opponens digiti minimi

Origin: edges of flexor retinaculum
Insertion: borders of metacarpals

24
Q

Which muscles form layer 4 of the intrinsic muscles of the hand?
What is their origin and insertion?

A

Interossei
X3 palmar
X4 dorsal

Origin: metacarpals
Insertion: extensor expansion (digits 1-4)

25
Q

What is the median nerve supply of intrinsic hand muscles?

A

Recurrent branch:
Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis
Opponens pollicis

Lateral branch:
First and second lumbricals

26
Q

What is the ulnar nerve supply of intrinsic muscles of the hand?

A 
Deep branch:
Adductor digit minimi
Flexor digitorium minimi
Opponens digiti minimi
Adductor pollicis
Third and fourth lumbricals
Interossei

ANAT30007 (19 decks)

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