Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

BMS317 - Pharmacology > LECTURE 12 & 13: AUTONOMIC > Flashcards

LECTURE 12 & 13: AUTONOMIC Flashcards

1
Q

fight or flight (CVS, Respiratory and Miscellaneous)

A

CVS - ^ HR, ^ myocardial contraction strength, vasodilation

Respiratory- ^ respiratory rate, bronchioles dilate

Miscellaneous - mydriasis, ^BGC, decrease GIT motility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

receptor of sympathetic nervous system

A

adrenergic receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

adrenergic agonist

A

adrenaline/ epinephrine

noradrenaline

dopamine

pseudoephedrine

phenylephrine

solbutamol, salmeterol, clenbuterol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

main adrenergic agonist

A

adrenaline / epinephrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

adrenergic receptor types

A

alpha 1 + 2
beta 1 + 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Alpha 1 adrenergic receptor

A
  • vasoconstriction to ^bp
  • pupils dilate
  • reduced GIT motility
  • Splenic contraction
  • bladder sphincter contraction
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Alpha 2 adrenergic receptor

A
  • vasoconstriction and vasodilation
  • CNS effects
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Beta 1 adrenergic receptor

A
  • ^ myocardial contraction and ^ HR = ^ CO
  • detrusor muscle relaxation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

A1 receptor mainly concerned with

A

blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

B1 receptor mainly concerned with

A

heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

B2 receptor mainly concerned with

A

lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Beta 2 adrenergic receptor

A
  • bronchiolar dilation
  • vasodilation in skeletal muscle
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what receptor is responsible for vasodilation at skeletal muscle

A

B2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

use of adrenaline in emergency

A

anaphylaxis e.g. epipen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what does adrenaline do in anaphylaxis in concern to adrenergic receptors

A
  • reverses effects of histamine by acting as physiological antagonist
  • reverses fatal bronchiolar constriction by B2 antagonism
  • reverses vasodilation by A1 vasoconstriction (at skin)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

adrenaline acts as what kind of antagonist in anaphylaxis

A

physiological antagonist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

route of epipen amdinistration

A

IM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Does noradrenaline work same as adrenaline

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

dopamine as an adrenergic agonist at low, high and high still doses

A

low - acts on dopamine receptor = erection

high - B1 = ^ cardiac contraction

high still dose - A1 = systemic vasoconstriction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Name a drug used to relieve nasal congestion

A

Pseduoephedrine and phenylephrine

phenylephrine has replaced as major because pseudo has CNS effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

how do nasal decongestant drugs work

A

A1 vasoconstriction

22
Q

has phenylephrine been used for nose bleeds

23
Q

Solbutamol, salmeterol and clenbuterol are primarily used for ______ support owing to their ___ receptor _____

A

respiratory

B2

agonism

24
Q

adrenergic antagonists

A

prazosin and beta blockers

25
prazosin as an antagonist
A1 antagonist = vasodilation
26
propranolol and atenolol antagonists act as ____________ and ________ due to their effect of excessive sympathetic stimulation, owing to their ______ antagonist effects
antiarrhythmic and vasodilator beta
27
which beta-blocker should be used with caution with airway disease
propanolol because targets both beta-adrenergic receptors
28
Cholinergic receptors respond to ________ and includes _______ & _______
acetylcholine nicotinic acetylcholine receptor muscarinic acetylcholine receptor
29
nicotinic acetylchoine agonists
Ach and nicotine
30
nicotinic acetylcholine antagonist
tobucurarine
31
muscarinic acetylchoine antagonist
atropine / hyoscine
32
muscarinic acetylcholine agonist
muscarine
33
rest and digest (CVS, Respiratory, GIT, Misc)
CVS - dec HR Res - bronchiolar constriction GIT - ^ motility, salivation, sphincters open Misc - pupils contract, lacrimation
34
excessive ACh (PNS and somatic) signs (muscarinic, somatic and CNS)
muscarinic - salivation, lacrimation, urination, vomiting somatic - muscle tremor CNS - seuziring
35
Parasympathomimetics
drugs that have similar effects as PNS activation
36
example of Parasympathomimetic and what it does
bethanocol, ^ GIT motility
37
Parasympatholytics
drugs that inhibit PNS
38
Parasympatholytics are __________at the _________ acetylcholine receptor
antagonists muscarinic
39
Parasympatholytic examples
atropine, tropicamide, ipatropium, hysoscine
40
important example of Parasympatholytics and its use
atropine, used to dilate pupil in eye examinations
41
parasympatholytic toxicty little saying
dry as a bone, red as a beet, mad a a hatter
42
dry as a bone due to ___________, red as a beet due to ________, and mad as a hatter due to _____
Dec sweat, saliva, lacrimaiton dec sweating and hyperthermia CNS effects
43
compare mydriasis with atropine and tropicamide
Tropicamide has short onset and shorter duration atropine has longer onset and longer duration
44
drugs with nicotinic like effects are also called ___________ and includes the examples __________
cholinesterase inhibitors neostigmine, edrophonion, organosphosphate
45
main cholinesterase inhibitor to remmeber is
neostigmine
46
what drugs are used for myasthenia gravis
cholinesterase inhibitors
47
drugs with antinicotinic effects are our
NM blockers
48
NM blocker example
atracurium
49
Describe how neostigmine acts as an antidote for atracurium
Neostigmine is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor that prevents the breakdown of ACh. This causes the concentration of ACh in the neuromuscular junction to increase to a point that overcomes the competitive antagonism of the atracurium on the muscle’s nicotinic receptors.
50
why use NM blockers
surgery
51
atracurium is a competitive ____________ which gains access to ____ and antagonises the action ACh can _________
nicotinic receptor antagonist Ach R have on receptor
52
cholinesterase inhibitors do what?
decrease the breakdown of acetylcholine

BMS317 - Pharmacology (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions