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Human Anatomy 2024 - Skeletal System > Lecture 11 - Pelvic Girdle > Flashcards

Lecture 11 - Pelvic Girdle Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of the pelvic girdle?

A
  • Weight bearing
  • Transfers weight from axial to lower appendicular skeleton
  • Attachment point for muscles
  • Contain and protect abdominal contents and reproductive organs
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2
Q

What are the 4 bones of the pelvic girdle?

A
  • ilium
  • ischium
  • pubis
  • sacrum
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3
Q

What is the ilium?

A
  • The superior portion of the hip bone
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4
Q

What is the anterior superior/inferior iliac spine?

A
  • part of the ilium
  • Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS): Rounded, anterior end of the iliac crest
  • Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine (AIIS): Small, bony projection located on the anterior margin of the ilium, below the ASIS
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5
Q

What is the posterior superior/inferior iliac spine?

A
  • part of the ilium
  • Posterior Superior Iliac Spine (PSIS): Rounded, posterior end of the iliac spine
  • Posterior Inferior Iliac Spine (PIIS): Small, bony projection located at the inferior margin of the auricular surface on the posterior ilium
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6
Q

What is the auricular surface of the ilium?

A
  • Roughened area located on the posterior, medial side of the ilium of the hip bone
  • Articulates with the auricular surface of the sacrum to form the sacroiliac joint
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7
Q

What are the 6 landmarks of the ilium?

A
  • iliac crest
  • anterior superior/inferior iliac spine
  • posterior superior/inferior iliac spine
  • auricular surface
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8
Q

What is the iliac crest?

A
  • Curved, superior margin of the ilium
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9
Q

What is the ischium?

A
  • Posteroinferior portion of the hip bone
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10
Q

What are the 4 landmarks of the ischium?

A
  • ischial Tuberosity
  • ischial ramus
  • lesser sciatic notch
  • ischial spine
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11
Q

What is the ischial Tuberosity?

A
  • Large, roughened protuberance that forms the posteroinferior portion of the hip bone
  • Weight bearing region of the pelvis when sitting
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12
Q

What is the ischial ramus?

A
  • Bony extension projecting anteriorly & superiorly from the ischial Tuberosity
  • Joins with the inferior pubic Remus to form the ischiopubic ramus
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13
Q

What is the lesser sciatic notch?

A
  • Shallow indentation along the posterior margin of the ischium, inferior to the ischial spine
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14
Q

What is the ischial spine?

A
  • Pointed, bony projection from the posterior margin of the ischium that separates the greater sciatic notch & lesser sciatic notch
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15
Q

What is the pubis?

A
  • The anterior portion of the hip bone
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16
Q

What are the 7 landmarks of the pubis?

A
  • pubic body
  • pubic tubercle
  • superior/inferior pubic ramus
  • pectineal line
  • pubic arch
  • ischiopubic ramus
17
Q

What is the pubic body?

A
  • Enlarged, medial portion of the pubis region of the hip bone
18
Q

What is the pubic tubercle?

A
  • Small bump located on the superior aspect of the pubic body
19
Q

What is the superior/inferior pubic ramus?

A
  • Superior Pubic Ramus: Narrow segment of bone that passes laterally from the pubic bone to join the ilium
  • Inferior Pubic Ramus: Narrow segment of bone that passes inferiority & laterally from the pubic bone
20
Q

What is the pectineal line?

A
  • Narrow ridge located on the superior surface of the superior pubic ramus
21
Q

What is the pubic arch?

A
  • Bony structure formed by the pubic symphysis, & the bodies & inferior pubic rami of the right & left pubic bones
22
Q

What is the ischiopubic ramus?

A
  • Narrow extension of bone that connects the ischial Tuberosity to the pubic body
  • Formed by the junction of the ischial ramus & inferior pubic ramus
23
Q

What is Innominate bone fusion?

A
  • Starts off as triradiate cartilage in the acetabulum
  • Fuses after puberty to become one solid bone
24
Q

What are the gluteal lines?

A
  • On the lateral/external aspect of the ilium
  • Three distinct lines can be identified:
    - Inferior Gluteal Line
    - Anterior Gluteal Line
    - Posterior Gluteal line
  • Important as landmarks in describing the muscle attachments for the gluteal muscles
25
Q

What is the acetabulum?

A
  • Large, cup-shaped cavity located on the lateral side of the hip bone so the femur can attach
  • Formed by the junction of the ilium, pubis, & ischium portions of the hip bone
  • contains the Acetabular Fossa, Lunate Surface, Acetabular Notch, Transverse Acetabular Ligament
26
Q

What is the orientation of the Innominate bone?

A
  • Superiorly: iliac crests
  • Laterally: acetabulum
  • Posteriorly: greater sciatic notch, ischial tuberosity
  • Inferiorly: obturator foramen
27
Q

What are the pelvic divisions?

A
  • Lesser/True Pelvis: Inferior to the iliopectineal line, Houses reproductive organs & bladder
  • Greater/FalsePelvis: Superior to the iliopectineal line, Formed by the blades of ilium, Houses digestive organs (parts of small and large intestines)
28
Q

What is the pubic symphysis?

A
  • The point where the two pubic bodies join anteriorly
  • Joined by two very strong ligaments superiorly and inferiorly with Fibrocartilagenous disc in between to allow minimal movement
  • Softens and loosens in late pregnancy
29
Q

What are the functions of the pelvic ligaments?

A
  • Pelvic girdle is under constant strain except when the body is recumbent
  • Ligaments are important for:
    - Transmission of body weight
- Securing the sacroiliac joint during movement in other areas of the body
30
Q

What are the 3 pelvic ligaments?

A
  • iliolumbar ligament
  • sacrotuberous ligament
  • sacrospinous ligament
31
Q

What is the iliolumbar ligament?

A
  • runs from the Iliac crest to the transverse process of L5
  • Helps stabilize the lumbosacral spine on the pelvis
32
Q

What is the sacrotuberous ligament?

A
  • Runs between the inferior sacrum & the ischial Tuberosity
  • Assists in pelvic stability, prevents the sacrum from tipping forward when downward pressure is applied to the spine
33
Q

What is the sacrospinous ligament?

A
  • Passes from the lateral sacrum & coccyx to the ischial spine
  • Assists with pelvic stability, works with the sacrotuberous ligament to prevent rotation of the illum past the sacrum thus preventing excessive twisting of the pelvis
34
Q

What is the sacro-iliac joint?

A
  • Between the auricular surface of the ilium and the auricular surface of the sacrum
  • Supported by very strong anterior and posterior Sacroiliac Ligaments
  • Transmits forces from the lower limbs to the vertebral column
  • is a synovial plane joint
35
Q

What are the sex differences in the pelvis?

A
  • Slope of Iliac Spine, Male: more upright, Female: more angled
  • Width between Ischial Tuberosities, Male: narrower, Female: wider
  • Inlet, Male: oval or heart shaped, Female: round
  • Outlet, Male: smaller, Female: larger
  • Sacral Shape, Male: longer, Female: shorter

Human Anatomy 2024 - Skeletal System (11 decks)

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