Lecture 10 - Wrist & Hand Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 bones of the proximal row of the carpals?

A
  • scaphoid
  • lunate
  • triquetrum
  • pisiform
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2
Q

What is the scaphoid?

A
  • The 1st of the 4 proximal carpal bones
  • Articulates with the radius proximally, the trapezoid & trapezium distally, & the lunate medially
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3
Q

What is the lunate ?

A
  • The 2nd of the 4 proximal carpal bones
  • Articulates with the radius proximally, the capitate & hamate dismally, the scaphoid laterally, & the triquetrum medially
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4
Q

What is the triquetrum?

A
  • The 3rd of the 4 proximal carpal bones
  • Articulates with the lunate laterally, the hamate dismally, & has a facet for the pisiform
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5
Q

What is the pisiform?

A
  • The 4th of the 4 proximal carpal bones
  • Articulates with the anterior surface of the triquetrum
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6
Q

What are the 4 bones of the distal row of the carpals?

A
  • trapezium
  • trapezoid
  • capitate
  • hamate
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7
Q

What is the trapezium?

A
  • The 1st of the 4 distal carpal bones
  • Articulates with the scaphoid proximally, the 1st & 2nd metacarpals dismally, & the trapezoid medially
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8
Q

What is the trapezoid?

A
  • The 2nd of the 4 distal carpal bones
  • Articulates with the scaphoid proximally, the 2nd metacarpal dismally, the trapezium laterally, & the capitate medially
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9
Q

What is the capitate?

A
  • The 3rd of the 4 distal proximal bones
  • Articulates with the scaphoid & lunate proximally, the trapezoid laterally, the hamate medially, & primarily with the 3rd metacarpal distally
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10
Q

What is the hamate?

A
  • The 4th of the 4 distal carpal bones
  • Articulates with the lunate & triquetrum proximally, the 4th & 5th metacarpals distally, & the capitate laterally
  • Hook of Hamate: bony extension located on the anterior side of the hamate bone
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11
Q

What are the 2 synovial joints of the carpals?

A
  • radial (lateral) collateral ligament: runs from the radial styloid process to the scaphoid & trapezium
  • ulnar (medial) collateral ligament: runs from the ulnar styloid process to the triquetrum & pisiform
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12
Q

What are the bones of the hand called?

A
  • metacarpals
  • 5 metacarpals make up the palm of the hand
  • Numbered 1 - 5 beginning with the thumb
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13
Q

What are the 2 joints of the metacarpals?

A
  • carpometacarpal (CMC) joint
  • metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint
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14
Q

What is the carpometacarpal (CMC) joint?

A
  • The proximal joint connecting the thumb
  • The 1st carpometacarpal joint is a synovial saddle joint
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15
Q

What is the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint?

A
  • The distal joint between the metacarpal & the phalanges (the knuckles)
  • Synovial condyloid joints
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16
Q

What are the 4 ligaments of the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints?

A
  • ulnar collateral ligament
  • radial collateral ligament
  • palmer plates/volar plates
  • deep transverse ligament of the palm
17
Q

What is the ulnar/radial collateral ligament of the MCP joint?

A
  • they support either side of the joint
18
Q

What are palmer/volar plates of the MCP joint?

A
  • Reinforcements on the anterior (palmer) side
  • Helps support the area when going into hyperextension
19
Q

What is the deep transverse ligament of the palm?

A
  • Runs across the palm
  • Reinforces the area
  • More stability when extending the fingers
20
Q

What are phalanges?

A
  • group of small bones that comprise the bony core of the digits of the hand
  • There are 14 phalanges in each hand; each of the medial four digits has three phalanges; proximal, intermediate, distal
21
Q

What are the 3 joints of the phalanges?

A
  • Proximal interphalangeal joints: connect the proximal and middle phalanges
  • Distal interphalangeal joints; connect the middle and distal phalanges
  • Interphalangeal joint of thumb: connect the proximal and distal phalanges of the thumb