Lecture 10 - Wrist & Hand

Question 1

What are the 4 bones of the proximal row of the carpals?

Answer 1

• scaphoid
• lunate
• triquetrum
• pisiform

Question 2

What is the scaphoid?

Answer 2

• The 1st of the 4 proximal carpal bones
• Articulates with the radius proximally, the trapezoid & trapezium dismally, & the lunate medially

Question 3

What is the lunate ?

Answer 3

• The 2nd of the 4 proximal carpal bones
• Articulates with the radius proximally, the capitate & hamate dismally, the scaphoid laterally, & the triquetrum medially

Question 4

What is the triquetrum?

Answer 4

• The 3rd of the 4 proximal carpal bones
• Articulates with the lunate laterally, the hamate dismally, & has a facet for the pisiform

Question 5

What is the pisiform?

Answer 5

• The 4th of the 4 proximal carpal bones
• Articulates with the anterior surface of the triquetrum

Question 6

What are the 4 bones of the distal row of the carpals?

Answer 6

• trapezium
• trapezoid
• capitate
• hamate

Question 7

What is the trapezium?

Answer 7

• The 1st of the 4 distal carpal bones
• Articulates with the scaphoid proximally, the 1st & 2nd metacarpals dismally, & the trapezoid medially

Question 8

What is the trapezoid?

Answer 8

• The 2nd of the 4 distal carpal bones
• Articulates with the scaphoid proximally, the 2nd metacarpal dismally, the trapezium laterally, & the capitate medially

Question 9

What is the capitate?

Answer 9

• The 3rd of the 4 distal proximal bones
• Articulates with the scaphoid & lunate proximally, the trapezoid laterally, the hamate medially, & primarily with the 3rd metacarpal distally

Question 10

What is the hamate?

Answer 10

• The 4th of the 4 distal carpal bones
• Articulates with the lunate & triquetrum proximally, the 4th & 5th metacarpals distally, & the capitate laterally
• Hook of Hamate: bony extension located on the anterior side of the hamate bone

Question 11

What are the 2 synovial joints of the carpals?

Answer 11

• radial (lateral) collateral ligament: runs from the radial styloid process to the scaphoid & trapezium
• ulnar (medial) collateral ligament: runs from the ulnar styloid process to the triquetrum & pisiform

Question 12

What are the bones of the hand called?

Answer 12

• metacarpals
• 5 metacarpals make up the palm of the hand
• Numbered 1 - 5 beginning with the thumb

Question 13

What are the 2 joints of the metacarpals?

Answer 13

• carpometacarpal (CMC) joint
• metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint

Question 14

What is the carpometacarpal (CMC) joint?

Answer 14

• The proximal joint between each carpal bone
• The 1st carpometacarpal joint is a synovial saddle joint
• The 2nd - 5th carpometacarpal joint are synovial condyloid joint

Question 15

What is the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint?

Answer 15

• The distal joint between the metacarpal & the phalanges
• Synovial condyloid joints

Question 16

What are the 4 ligaments of the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints?

Answer 16

• ulnar collateral ligament
• radial collateral ligament
• palmer plates/volar plates
• deep transverse ligament of the palm

Question 17

What is the ulnar/radial collateral ligament of the MCP joint?

Answer 17

• they support either side of the joint

Question 18

What are palmer/volar plates of the MCP joint?

Answer 18

• Reinforcements on the anterior (palmer) side
• Helps support the area when going into hyperextension

Question 19

What is the deep transverse ligament of the palm?

Answer 19

• Runs across the palm
• Reinforces the area
• More stability when extending the fingers

Question 20

What are phalanges?

Answer 20

• group of small bones that comprise the bony core of the digits of the hand
• There are 14 phalanges in each hand; each of the medial four digits has three phalanges; proximal, intermediate, distal

Question 21

What are the 3 joints of the phalanges?

Answer 21

• Proximal interphalangeal joints: connect the proximal and middle phalanges
• Distal interphalangeal joints; connect the middle and distal phalanges

Interphalangeal joint of thumb: connect the proximal and distal phalanges of the thumb