Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Epidemiology & Population Health > Lecture 11: Health Promotion > Flashcards

Lecture 11: Health Promotion Flashcards

1
Q

What is the aim of the Health protection?

A

measures to control infectious disease risks and environmental hazards, including public health emergencies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Wha is the aim of health improvement in Oublic health?

A

societal interventions (to promote health, including preventing disease) that are not primarily delivered through health services and relate to the social determinants of health

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is Health and care public health?

A

the organization and delivery of safe, high-quality, integrated services for prevention, treatment, and care.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the levels of prevention?

A

Primary
Secondary
Tertiary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is primary prevention?

A

prevent the onset of specific diseases via risk reduction by altering behaviors or exposures that can lead to disease or by enhancing resistance to the effects of exposure to a disease agent.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is secondary prevention?

A

detect and treat preclinical pathological changes and thereby control disease progression. E.g. screening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is tertiary prevention?

A

soften the impact caused by the disease on the patient’s function, longevity, and quality-of-life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q 
A large employer is running health promotion strategy by offering free counselling sessions to a small number of staff who report the worst mental health outcomes. What type of approach to health promotion is this?
A. High risk
B. Macroenvironmental
C. Medical
D. Population
E. Social change
A

A. High risk. Targeting those who are the worst affected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q 
A government brought in nutritional standards for school meals. What type of health promotion intervention is this?
A. Medical
B. Educational
C. Behaviour Change
D. Empowerment
E. Social Change
A

E. Social change,

Top down method of working, changes at policy/environmental level to bring about change.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How many waves of public health are there in the UK?

A

Four/ Five waves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What was the first wave and what happened?

A

Nineteenth century- 1800s

Improving environmental conditions (I.e. clean drinking water, safer work conditions)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the Sanitation Phase in Public Health.?

A

A response to unsanitary conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

When was the second wave and what happened ?

A

1890-1950

Preventing and treating disease using vaccines and antibiotics

‘Personal Hygiene Era’

Central council for health established

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When was the third wave and what happened?

A

1940-1980

Identification of the 5 giants:
Want 
Ignorance 
Squalor
Idleness 
Disease

NHS established in 1948

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How was health viewed in the third wave ?

A

Result of the condition of everyday life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When was the fourth wave and what happened?

A

1960s

Economic and social factors affecting people’s health

Social determinants of health were recognised

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does the fifth wave involve?

A

Recognise multiple and interacting influences of health, ‘system’s approach’

Rebalancing of mindset from ‘anti’ (antibiotics, war on drugs, etc) to ‘pro’ (wellbeing, balance,integration)

18
Q

What is a Population risk approach ?

A

• Population based strategies aim to shift risk of the entire population

• This is more effective for a preventative effect for the maximum
number of people

19
Q

What strategy is essential for protecting vulnerable adults?

A

High risk strategies

20
Q

What is most effective measure?

A

Generally a combination of measures is considered the most effective; one set of measures targeted for high risk individuals and another preventative strategy for larger populations

21
Q

What are Health Behaviours?

A

Health Behaviour refers to activity that a well person would engage in order to prevent illnesses

22
Q

Define Illness Behaviour

A

Illness Behaviour concerns the behaviour someone would engage in order to find out what is wrong with him or her and to procure a remedy.

23
Q

What is Sick-role Behaviour?

A

Sick-role Behaviour concerns the behaviour a patient engages in to overcome their illness

24
Q

What is Health risk behaviour?

A

Behaviours with potentially negative effects of health

25
Q

What are the 5 approaches to Health Promotion?

A 
Medical 
Educational
Behaviour change 
Empowerment 
Social change
26
Q

What is medical or preventive approach ?

A
  • This approach is aimed at reducing premature deaths (mortality) and avoidable diseases (morbidity).
  • Actions are targeted at whole populations or so-called ‘high risk’ groups.
  • Some argue this approach seeks to increase the use of medical interventions to promote health.
27
Q

What is Educational approach?

A

Seeks to provide knowledge and information, and to develop the necessary skills so that people can make informed decisions about their behaviour.

Increasing knowledge may change in attitudes, that may result in changed behaviour.

28
Q

What are the cons of Educational approach?

A

It is argued that this approach does not necessarily set out to persuade or motivate change in a specific direction!

29
Q

What is Behaviour change approach ?

A

This approach aims to encourage individuals to adopt “healthy” behaviours that are regarded as key to improving health

Focuses on individual responsibility

30
Q

What are the assumptions of Behaviour change approach?

A

If people don’t take responsibility for their actions they are to blame for the consequences - victim blaming approach.

People can make real improvements to their health by changing their lifestyle

31
Q

What is Empowerment approach?

A

Aka Bottom up approach

idea is premised on helping people or communities to identify their own health concerns, gain the skills and make changes to their lives accordingly .

Professional acts as a facilitator rather than expert

Approach described as a way of working which increases people’s ability to change their social reality

32
Q

What is Social change approach ?

A

Targets groups and populations, top down method of working.

• Sometimes known as radical health promotion and is underlined by a belief that socio-
economic circumstances determine health status.

  • Its focus is at the policy or environmental level.
  • Aims is to bring about physical, social, economic, legislative and environmental changes.

• Approach is based on the notion that to promote positive health it is necessary to tackle
and diminish social and health inequalities.

• “Make the healthy choice the easier choice”.

33
Q

What are the cons of social change approach?

A

Healthy choices may be available, but this may require major structural changes

34
Q

What is Salutogenisis?

A

A sixth complementary approach for health promotion (Whiting and Miller, 2009) that gives prominence to people’s health needs based on a salutogenic approach

35
Q

What is a Salutogenic approach?

A

How to foster good health and protective mechanism

36
Q

What is a pathogenic focus or approach?

A

What is wrong and needs fixing

37
Q

Population based approaches aim to reduce risk and improve health of whole populations

True or false?

A

True

38
Q

REMEMBER TO WATCH. UDGE THEORY VIDEO ON BLACKBOARD

A

Interview with professor Mike Kelly

39
Q 
What type of intervention is the nudge approach?
A. Medical
B. Educational
C. Behaviour Change
D. Empowerment
E. Social Change
A

C. Behavioural change

E.g. Aims to encourage individuals to adopt “healthy” behaviours that are regarded as key to improving health. Nudge can include e.g. enticing people to take up activities or using subliminal marketing.

40
Q 
The NHS Long Term plan states that ‘By 2021, where appropriate every person diagnosed with cancer will have access to personalised care, including needs assessment, a care plan and health and wellbeing information and support.’ What type of health promotion approach is this most closely aligned with?
A. Behaviour Change
B. Educational
C. Empowerment
D. Medical
E. Social Change
A

C Empowerment: ‘bottom up approach - idea is premised on helping people or communities to identify their own health concerns, gain the skills and make changes to their lives accordingly.’

41
Q

At which Level of Prevention does the Medical Approach work? (select all that apply)
A. Primary B. Secondary C. Tertiary

A

All of them

Medical approach aims to reduce premature deaths (mortality) and avoidable diseases (morbidity). Actions are targeted at whole populations or so-called ‘high risk’ groups

Epidemiology & Population Health (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions