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ANATOMY 253 LECTURE > Lecture 1: Terminology > Flashcards

Lecture 1: Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

Explain gross anatomy vs surface anatomy

A

Gross Anatomy=what can be seen with the naked eye

Surface Anatomy: enables the individual to recognize deep anatomical structures from a superficial setting

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2
Q

Appendicular vs axial skeleton

A

Appendicular: Upper Lower extremities, pelvis (what sticks out)
Axial: head thorax, vetebral column (center)

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3
Q

What are the levels of organization and explain

A

Chemical (atoms) ->Cellular (macros) -> Tissues (group of similar cells working together) -> organs (heart, lungs) -> systems (respitory) ->organism

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4
Q

What are the 2 main body cavities and their subdivisions

A

DORSAL CAVITY: 1) cranial 2) vertebral

VENTRAL CAVITY: 1) thoranic 2) abdomnical 3) pelvic

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5
Q

What is anatomical position

A

Upright, facing forward, shoulderwidth apart, palms facing up

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6
Q

What are the 4 planes of the body

A 
Median Plane (mid sagital): Divides into left and right (para sag means either left or right of the mid dag)
Front Plane (coronal): divides into anterior (frpnt) and posteior (back) 
Transverse (horizontal) : Divides into superior (upper) and inferior parts (lower) 
Onblique; angle
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7
Q

Anterior vs Posterior

A

Anterior: front
Posterior: back

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8
Q

superior vs inferior

A

superior: above
inferior: below

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9
Q

proximal vs distal

A

SPECIFIC TO EXTREMETIES

prox: nearest to source of attachment (nearest to center)
distal: further from source of attachement (far from center)

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10
Q

cranial vs caudal

A

Cranial/cephalic: nearest to head end

Caudal: nearest to taul end

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11
Q

medial vs lateral

A

Medial: towards mid sag plane
lateral: away mid sag plane

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12
Q

superficial vs deep

A

Superficial: towards sufrace
deep: away from surface

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13
Q

intermediate, external internal

A

intermdiate: between 2 things

in relevance to body wall

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14
Q

flexion vs extrension vs hyper extension vs lateral flexion

A

flexion: angle of joint decreases
extension: angle of joint increaeses and there is a return to the anatomical position
hyper: when the extension beyond the anatomical position
lateral: lateral bending/side bending

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15
Q

Abduction vs adduction

A

abduction: Movement away from the midline of the
body
adduction: Movement towards from the midline of the
body

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16
Q

Do flexion/extension on head, shoulders, elbpw, wrist hip knee and lateral.

A

..

17
Q

do abduction/adduction on shoulder, wrist, hip, fingers.

A

..

18
Q

medial rotation vs lateral rotation and give examples

A

Medial: The anterior aspect of the extremity turned inward along its longitudinal axis
• LATERAL ROTATION: The anterior aspect of the extremity is turned outward along its longitudinal axis

19
Q

upward vs downward rotation

A

UPWARD ROTATION: Referring to the scapula when the inferior angle moves laterally and up
• DOWNWARD ROTATION: Referring to the scapula when the inferior angle moves medially and down

20
Q

depression vs elevation

A

DEPRESSION: Lowering a body part

• ELEVATION: Raising a body part

21
Q

horizontal adduction vs adduction

A 
HORIZONTAL ABDUCTION (Horizontal extension): Moving from the midline of the body on the horizontal plane
•  HORIZONTAL ADDUCTION (Horizontal flexion): Moving towards the midline of the body on the horizontal plane
22
Q

retraction vs protraction

A

RETRACTION: The movement of a part backward

• PROTRACTION: The movement of a part forwar

23
Q

inversion vs eversion

A

INVERSION: Rotation of the sole of the foot inward

• EVERSION: Rotation of the sole of the foot outward

24
Q

Dorsiflexion vs plantar flexion

A

DORSIFLEXION: Flexing of the ankle to raise the toes upwards

• PLANTARFLEXION: Flexing of the ankle to point the toes

25
Q

pronation vs suprination

A

PRONATION (backside): Medial rotation of the forearm on the longitudinal axis
• SUPINATION (front side): Lateral rotation of the forearm on the longitudinal axis

26
Q

prone vs supine

A

PRONE: Lying horizontal in a face-down position • SUPINE: Lying horizontal on the back facing up

27
Q

proonation of foot vs supination of foot

A

PRONATION (of the foot): Ankle eversion, dorsi-flexion, and forefoot abduction
• SUPINATION (of the foot): Ankle inversion, plantar- flexion, and forefoot adduction

ANATOMY 253 LECTURE (10 decks)

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