Lecture 1- Biological Psychology Histoical Flashcards
Who’s the ancient philosopher from Greece?
Socrates, Plato, Aristotle
Who’s the ancient philosopher from Rome?
Plotinus
Who’s the ancient philosopher from Near East and Persia?
Zarathustra
Who’s the ancient philosopher from china?
Confucius
Who’s the ancient philosopher from India?
Siddharatha gotama - Buddha
The three main dominating questions in this period?
- what and where is the mind?
- how does mind interact or influence body and action ?
- can we ever reliably investigate the nature of the mind?
What does the brain intrinsically link to?
Control of behaviour
What’s the evidence from anxiety Egypt which suggests that the brain was linked to the control of behaviour?
They drilled holes into skulls of living people for theraputic reasons
What’s believed to be the seat of the soul and repository of memories?
The heart
What’s the heart known as in the past?
the seat of the soul and repository of memories
What were the 4 humours?
Bloody
Yellow bile
Black bile
Phlegm
Describe the ages for the humours?
Blood - infancy
Yellow bile - youth
Black bile - adulthood
Phlegm - old age
What Organ was for the humour blood?
Liver
What organ was for yellow bile?
Gallbladder
What organ was for black bile?
Spleen
What organ was for phlegm?
Brain /
Lungs
How did Galen research?
Visual examination of dissected sheep’s brain
What did galen believe About the body?
• Cerebral cortex was the recipient of sensations
• Cerebellum controlled muscle movement
What did galen show about the brain?
Contained hallow, fluid filled spaces called ventricles
What did galen assume about humours?
• Assumed that movement was controlled by the flow of humours to and from the
brain and muscles through the nerves, which he believed to be hollow tubes
How long did galens ideas about humour stay popular?
This idea remained largely unchallenged until the advent of
modern neuroscience, in the early 1800
Who did the hydraulic model?
Descartes
What is the hydraulic model?
Nerves are hollow tubes carrying fluid called animal spirt
The pineal gland in the brain pumped animal spirt into the nerves and inflated the muscles or produce movement
What did Marie Jean Pierre flourens argue about the brain? The
Destroying small areas of the brain in animals or birds could affect specific functions
What were the areas the brain could be d
