Lecture 1

Question 1

2 Psychoanalytic Theories

Answer 1

1) Freud’s Psychosexual theory

2) Erikson’s Psychosocial theory

Question 2

2 Learning Theories

Answer 2

1) Behaviourism

2) Bandura’s social learning theory

Question 3

4 Major Theories in Child Research

Answer 3

1) Psychoanalytic theories
2) Learning theories
3) Piaget’s Cognitive development theory
4) Bronfenbrenner’s Bioecological theory

Question 4

5 Stages and ages of Freud’s Psychosexual Theory

Answer 4

1) Oral (0-2)
2) Anal (2-3)
3) Phallic (3-7)
4) Latency (7-11)
5) Genital (11-Adult)

Question 5

Key belief in Freud’s Psychosexual Theory

Answer 5

Children confront conflicts between biological drives and social expectations and how these conflicts are resolved shape personality

Question 6

3 aspects of Freud’s belief of Personality

Answer 6

1) ID
2) EGO
3) Superego

Question 7

ID

Answer 7

largest portion of the mind, source of basic biological needs and desires

Question 8

EGO

Answer 8

emerges in early childhood to redirect the ID’s impulses in acceptable ways

Question 9

Superego

Answer 9

emerges between 3-6 years of age and develops through interactions with parents and society

Question 10

8 Stages of Erikson’s Psychosocial Theory and ages

Answer 10

1) 0-1 Trust vs Mistrust
2) 1-3 Autonomy vs Shame and Guilt
3) 3-6 Initiative vs guilt
4) 6-Puberty Industry vs inferiority
5) Teen-20s Identity vs role confusion
6) 20s-40s Intimacy vs Isolation
7) 40s-60s Generativity vs Stagnation
8) 60s + Integrity vs despair

Question 11

Key Aspects of Behaviourism

Answer 11

Learning theory, John Locke, tabula rasa (blank slate, all aspects of child development seen and shaped by experience

Question 12

Key Aspects of Bandura’s Social learning theory

Answer 12

Behaviour is learned in social contexts and by observing a model provides information about how to act

Question 13

2 Factors of Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory

Answer 13

1) Children’s thinking is full of faulty logic and thinking improves with age
2) As the brain develops, children develop four qualitatively distinct ways of thinking

Question 14

Key Belief in Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory

Answer 14

A model which explicitly incorporates the fact that children develop in a complex system of intercorrelated environments

Question 15

4 Levels of Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory

Answer 15

1) Microsystem
2) Mesosystem
3) Ecosystem
4) Macrosystem

Question 16

Microsystem + Example

Answer 16

Activities and interactions in child’s immediate environment - Parenting

Question 17

Mesosystem + Example

Answer 17

Encompasses connections between microsystems - childs academics depend not only on classroom but also parental involvement in school work

Question 18

Ecosystem + Example

Answer 18

Social setting that exclude children but still influence development - work settings which are supportive of child rearing

Question 19

Macrosystem + Example

Answer 19

Outermost level. Cultural values, laws, customs, affects all levels