Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medsci 202 > Lecture 1 > Flashcards

Lecture 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 main places that bacteria are found in humans?

A

Skin, Teeth, Gut, Vagina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What bacteria are commonly found on the skin?

A

Staphylococcus spp, Streptococcus spp, Corynebacertium spp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What bacteria are commonly found on the teeth?

A

Streptococcus sanguis, S.mutans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How many species of bacteria are there in the gut and what do they do?

A

Over 500, they aid digestion, providing vitamins K and B12 and crowd out harmful bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What bacteria are found in the vagina and what do they do?

A

Bacteria from the lactobacillus family, these typically secrete lactic acid protecting from invaders such as candida albicans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What type of viruses remain in the human body?

A

Latent viruses and fossil viruses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a latent virus?

A

A viral infection that persists by remaining hidden in cells, and occasionally has symptoms reappear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a fossil virus?

A

An ancient virus that has become integrated into the human genome, approximately 1/12 of the humane genome is made up of fossil viruses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the 4 steps in Koch’s proof of germ theory?

A

The microorganism can ONLY be found in diseased organisms
The microorganism must be separated and cultured
The cultured microorganism must cause disease when injected into a host
the microorganism must the be able to be isolated from this host

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is symbiosis?

A

When two organisms live together in close association

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is Mutualism?

A

When a relationship is beneficial to both organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is Neutralism?

A

Neither organism is affected by the relationship

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is commensalism?

A

When the relationship is only beneficial to one species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is synergism?

A

when two or more microorganisms work together to cause disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a pathogen?

A

A microorganism which causes disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is an opportunistic pathogen?

A

A microorganism which can cause disease in those with compromised immune systems

17
Q

What are the 4 periods of illness?

A

Incubation. Prodromal, Illness, Convalescent

18
Q

What is the incubation period of illness?

A

The time between infection and symptoms

19
Q

What is the prodromal period?

A

The time where patient feels unwell but symptoms are not experienced

20
Q

What is the Illness period?

A

The time in which symptoms are experienced

21
Q

What is the Convalescent period?

A

The time in which a patient recovers

22
Q

What re the 4 types of carriers of disease?

A

Passive, Incubatory, Convalescent, Active

23
Q

What is a passive carrier?

A

A person who has the pathogen but has never had symptoms

24
Q

What is an incubatory carrier?

A

A carrier going through the incubation phase

25
Q

What is a convalescent carrier?

A

A carrier going through the convalescent phase

26
Q

What is an active carrier?

A

A person who has fully recovered from the disease but still carries the pathogen

27
Q

What are the 6 types of infection?

A

Localised, Systemic, Acute, Chronic, Latent, Secondary

28
Q

What is a localised infection

A

An infection that is contained at the infection site

29
Q

What is a systemic infection

A

When the pathogen spreads throughout the body

30
Q

What is an acute infection?

A

An infection with rapid onset and recovery

31
Q

What is a chronic infection?

A

An infection with slow onset and slow recovery

32
Q

What is a latent infection?

A

When the pathogen is not completely eradicated and has the potential to cause future symptoms

33
Q

What is a secondary infection?

A

disease that follows primary infection

34
Q

What is the key difference between microbial intoxication and infectious disease?

A

Infectious disease is caused by a pathogen and microbial intoxication is caused by a toxin produced by a microbe and ingested by a person

35
Q

What are the steps in pathogensis of infectious disease?

A

entry, attachment, multiplication, spread, evasion of immune system, damage it host tissue

36
Q

What are the 6 virulence factors?

A 
Promote attachment to host cells
Help bacteria to enter host cell
Damage host cell/tissue
Help bacteria to spread from local infections
Over stimulate immune response
Mediate immune invasion
37
Q

What are the 7 immune evasion factors of bacteria?

A 
Capsules (to prevent oponisation and phagocytosis)
Destruction of phagocytes
Inhibition of phagocyte chemotaxis
Inhibition of phagocytosis
Destruction of complement factors
Destruction of immunoglobulins
Intracellular replication

Medsci 202 (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions