Lecture 1/25

Question 1

the 3 functions of the intraocular nerves are:

Answer 1

• motor
• sensory
• vasomotor

Question 2

motor function of the intraocular nerves is

Answer 2

to muscles in the iris and ciliary body (autonomic NS: parasympathetic and sympathetic)

Question 3

sensory function of the intraocular nerves is

Answer 3

sensation to the cornea and anterior segment of the uveal tract

Question 4

vasomotor function of the intraocular nerves is

Answer 4

autonomic nerves involved with vessels of the urea tract (vascular tunic) and vessels supplying the retina

Question 5

where is the entrance of the intraocular nerves?

Answer 5

at the posterior part of the eye, called ciliary nerves

Question 6

how many short ciliary nerves are there

Answer 6

about 6-10

Question 7

short ciliary nerves arise from

Answer 7

a small body called the ciliary ganglion (which is behind the eye in the orbit)

Question 8

function of the short ciliary nerves

Answer 8

sensory and autonomic

Question 9

how many long ciliary nerves

Answer 9

2 (1 on each side of the optic nerve)

Question 10

long ciliary nerves arise from

Answer 10

a nerve way back in the orbit towards the apex called the nasociliary

Question 11

function of long ciliary nerves

Answer 11

mainly sensory, but some sympathetic fibers go to iris dilator

Question 12

where on the ciliary ganglion do the filaments for the short ciliary nerves arise?

Answer 12

filaments on the “corners” of the rectangular ciliary ganglion supply the short ciliary nerves

Question 13

path of short ciliary nerves/ long ciliary nerve after they pierce the sclera

Answer 13

go to perichoroidal space and destination is anterior in the ciliary plexus

Question 14

the short ciliary nerves pierce the sclera in a circle along with the ____

Answer 14

with posterior short ciliary arteries

Question 15

other branches off the short and long ciliary nerves are

Answer 15

given off to sclera and choroid along its path

Question 16

the long ciliary nerves enter the sclera alongside the _____

Answer 16

long posterior ciliary arteries

Question 17

long ciliary nerves enter on the side of the optic nerve about _____ from the optic nerve

Answer 17

4mm

Question 18

where is the ciliary plexus located?

Answer 18

in the pericilliary space

Question 19

2 branches of the ciliary plexus are

Answer 19

1. to the ciliary body and iris

2. to the sclera behind the (posterior) limbus

Question 20

the ciliary plexus branch to the ciliary body and iris is what kind of nerve

Answer 20

sympathetic, parasympathetic, and some sensory

Question 21

the ciliary plexus branch to the sclera forms the _____

Answer 21

episcleral network

Question 22

from episcleral network, sensory nerves go anterior and form the:

Answer 22

pericorneal plexus

sensory innervation to the cornea

Question 23

from episclera network, sensory nerves move posterior to supply:

Answer 23

the anterior half of the cornea

Question 24

definition of a ganglion

Answer 24

a group of nerve cell bodies outside the CNS

Question 25

shape of the ciliary ganglion

Answer 25

small, rectangular, and flat

Question 26

location of the ciliary ganglion

Answer 26

posterior to the globe between the optic nerve and the lateral rectus

Question 27

the ciliary ganglion receives (posteriorly) what 3 roots

Answer 27

1. sensory root from naso-ciliary nerve 2. sympathetic root from internal carotid plexus 3. parasympathetic root from cranial nerve III

Question 28

the ciliary ganglion gives off what and its anterior corners

Answer 28

the short ciliary nerves

Question 29

which of these has a synapse in the ciliary ganglion (parasymp, symp, or sensory)

Answer 29

parasympathetic has a synapse in the ciliary ganglion

Question 30

the 3 cranial nerves involved in EOMs

Answer 30

oculomotor (III) trochlear (IV) abducens (VI)

Question 31

entrance and passing of oculomotor nerve (III)

Answer 31

enters into SOF and both branches (superior and inferior) pass through oculomotor foramen

Question 32

superior branch of oculomotor nerve (III) supplies:

Answer 32

- superior rectus | - levator

Question 33

inferior branch of oculomotor nerve (III) supplies:

Answer 33

- medial rectus - inferior rectus - inferior oblique

Question 34

entrance and passing of trochlear nerve (IV)

Answer 34

enters through SOF, but goes OVER the top of the oculomotor foramen

Question 35

trochlear nerve (IV) supplies the

Answer 35

superior oblique

Question 36

abducens (VI) nerve passes and enters:

Answer 36

enters into the orbit through SOF and goes through oculomotor foramen

Question 37

abducens (VI) innervates the

Answer 37

lateral rectus

Question 38

sensory nerves are derived from:

Answer 38

CN V: trigeminal

Question 39

CN V, trigeminal nerve, is the primary nerve for what structures?

Answer 39

face, nasal cavity, teeth, and mouth

Question 40

trigeminal (V) nerve comes out as what 2 roots

Answer 40

large sensory root and small motor root

Question 41

path of the sensory root of the trigeminal nerve (V)

Answer 41

comes out of the brainstem, travels on the floor of the cranium, and makes its way to the trigeminal ganglion (Gasserian)

Question 42

3 branches that come off the trigeminal ganglion

Answer 42

1. ophthalmic 2. maxillary 3. mandibular

Question 43

ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal ganglion

Answer 43

passes through the SOF, and innervates the eye with sensory

Question 44

maxillary branch of the trigeminal ganglion

Answer 44

goes into skull through foramen rotunda and goes to pterygoid-palatine fossa and supplies sensory to middle portion of the face

Question 45

mandibular branch of the trigeminal ganglion

Answer 45

goes downward through the foramen ovale to the infratemporal fossa and supplies sensory to the lower face

Question 46

ophthalmic branch of trigeminal nerve passes along _____ of cavernous sinus

Answer 46

lateral wall

Question 47

what is the only sensory innervation to the globe?

Answer 47

ophthalmic branch of trigeminal nerve

Question 48

just before this ophthalmic branch of trigeminal nerve goes into the SOF, it gives off what 3 branches?

Answer 48

- lacrimal - frontal - nasociliary

Question 49

path of the lacrimal branch of the ophthalmic branch of trigeminal nerve

Answer 49

enters through SOF, goes over oculomotor foramen, passes along upper boarder of LR to the lacrimal gland, conjunctiva, and skin of the lid

Question 50

path of the frontal branch of the ophthalmic branch of trigeminal nerve

Answer 50

enters through SOF, goes over oculomotor foramen, and supplies conjunctiva, skin of the brow, and skin of upper lid

Question 51

supply from the nasociliary branch of the ophthalmic branch of trigeminal nerve

Answer 51

sensory supply to the globe from ciliary ganglion to short ciliary nerves to the eye and long ciliary nerves which come directly off nasociliary

Question 52

parasympathetic preganglion fibers which travel where?

Answer 52

travel in CN III (oculomotor)

Question 53

parasympathetic fibers synapse where?

Answer 53

in the ciliary ganglion right behind the globe

Question 54

parasympathetic fibers enter the globe as:

Answer 54

short ciliary nerves (post ganglionic fibers)

Question 55

parasympathetic fibers involved in

Answer 55

innervation of ciliary body for accommodation (90%) of the iris sphincter muscle for miosis (10%)

Question 56

sympathetic fibers derived from

Answer 56

ganglion near spinal cord called superior cervical ganglion

Question 57

sympathetic fibers then travel to the

Answer 57

internal carotid plexus

Question 58

what is the internal carotid plexus

Answer 58

a network of these sympathetic nerves around internal carotid in carotid canal

Question 59

from the internal carotid plexus to the eye, the sympathetic fibers have what 2 pathways

Answer 59

1. trigeminal ganglion-> nasociliary -> long posterior ciliary nerves -> globe 2. ciliary ganglion -> short ciliary nerves -> dilator of the iris