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Ocular Anatomy > Lecture 1/25 > Flashcards

Lecture 1/25 Flashcards

1
Q

the 3 functions of the intraocular nerves are:

A
  • motor
  • sensory
  • vasomotor
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2
Q

motor function of the intraocular nerves is

A

to muscles in the iris and ciliary body (autonomic NS: parasympathetic and sympathetic)

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3
Q

sensory function of the intraocular nerves is

A

sensation to the cornea and anterior segment of the uveal tract

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4
Q

vasomotor function of the intraocular nerves is

A

autonomic nerves involved with vessels of the urea tract (vascular tunic) and vessels supplying the retina

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5
Q

where is the entrance of the intraocular nerves?

A

at the posterior part of the eye, called ciliary nerves

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6
Q

how many short ciliary nerves are there

A

about 6-10

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7
Q

short ciliary nerves arise from

A

a small body called the ciliary ganglion (which is behind the eye in the orbit)

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8
Q

function of the short ciliary nerves

A

sensory and autonomic

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9
Q

how many long ciliary nerves

A

2 (1 on each side of the optic nerve)

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10
Q

long ciliary nerves arise from

A

a nerve way back in the orbit towards the apex called the nasociliary

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11
Q

function of long ciliary nerves

A

mainly sensory, but some sympathetic fibers go to iris dilator

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12
Q

where on the ciliary ganglion do the filaments for the short ciliary nerves arise?

A

filaments on the “corners” of the rectangular ciliary ganglion supply the short ciliary nerves

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13
Q

path of short ciliary nerves/ long ciliary nerve after they pierce the sclera

A

go to perichoroidal space and destination is anterior in the ciliary plexus

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14
Q

the short ciliary nerves pierce the sclera in a circle along with the ____

A

with posterior short ciliary arteries

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15
Q

other branches off the short and long ciliary nerves are

A

given off to sclera and choroid along its path

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16
Q

the long ciliary nerves enter the sclera alongside the _____

A

long posterior ciliary arteries

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17
Q

long ciliary nerves enter on the side of the optic nerve about _____ from the optic nerve

A

4mm

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18
Q

where is the ciliary plexus located?

A

in the pericilliary space

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19
Q

2 branches of the ciliary plexus are

A
  1. to the ciliary body and iris

2. to the sclera behind the (posterior) limbus

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20
Q

the ciliary plexus branch to the ciliary body and iris is what kind of nerve

A

sympathetic, parasympathetic, and some sensory

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21
Q

the ciliary plexus branch to the sclera forms the _____

A

episcleral network

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22
Q

from episcleral network, sensory nerves go anterior and form the:

A

pericorneal plexus

sensory innervation to the cornea

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23
Q

from episclera network, sensory nerves move posterior to supply:

A

the anterior half of the cornea

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24
Q

definition of a ganglion

A

a group of nerve cell bodies outside the CNS

25
Q

shape of the ciliary ganglion

A

small, rectangular, and flat

26
Q

location of the ciliary ganglion

A

posterior to the globe between the optic nerve and the lateral rectus

27
Q

the ciliary ganglion receives (posteriorly) what 3 roots

A
  1. sensory root from naso-ciliary nerve
  2. sympathetic root from internal carotid plexus
  3. parasympathetic root from cranial nerve III
28
Q

the ciliary ganglion gives off what and its anterior corners

A

the short ciliary nerves

29
Q

which of these has a synapse in the ciliary ganglion (parasymp, symp, or sensory)

A

parasympathetic has a synapse in the ciliary ganglion

30
Q

the 3 cranial nerves involved in EOMs

A

oculomotor (III)
trochlear (IV)
abducens (VI)

31
Q

entrance and passing of oculomotor nerve (III)

A

enters into SOF and both branches (superior and inferior) pass through oculomotor foramen

32
Q

superior branch of oculomotor nerve (III) supplies:

A
  • superior rectus

- levator

33
Q

inferior branch of oculomotor nerve (III) supplies:

A
  • medial rectus
  • inferior rectus
  • inferior oblique
34
Q

entrance and passing of trochlear nerve (IV)

A

enters through SOF, but goes OVER the top of the oculomotor foramen

35
Q

trochlear nerve (IV) supplies the

A

superior oblique

36
Q

abducens (VI) nerve passes and enters:

A

enters into the orbit through SOF and goes through oculomotor foramen

37
Q

abducens (VI) innervates the

A

lateral rectus

38
Q

sensory nerves are derived from:

A

CN V: trigeminal

39
Q

CN V, trigeminal nerve, is the primary nerve for what structures?

A

face, nasal cavity, teeth, and mouth

40
Q

trigeminal (V) nerve comes out as what 2 roots

A

large sensory root and small motor root

41
Q

path of the sensory root of the trigeminal nerve (V)

A

comes out of the brainstem, travels on the floor of the cranium, and makes its way to the trigeminal ganglion (Gasserian)

42
Q

3 branches that come off the trigeminal ganglion

A
  1. ophthalmic
  2. maxillary
  3. mandibular
43
Q

ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal ganglion

A

passes through the SOF, and innervates the eye with sensory

44
Q

maxillary branch of the trigeminal ganglion

A

goes into skull through foramen rotunda and goes to pterygoid-palatine fossa and supplies sensory to middle portion of the face

45
Q

mandibular branch of the trigeminal ganglion

A

goes downward through the foramen ovale to the infratemporal fossa and supplies sensory to the lower face

46
Q

ophthalmic branch of trigeminal nerve passes along _____ of cavernous sinus

A

lateral wall

47
Q

what is the only sensory innervation to the globe?

A

ophthalmic branch of trigeminal nerve

48
Q

just before this ophthalmic branch of trigeminal nerve goes into the SOF, it gives off what 3 branches?

A
  • lacrimal
  • frontal
  • nasociliary
49
Q

path of the lacrimal branch of the ophthalmic branch of trigeminal nerve

A

enters through SOF, goes over oculomotor foramen, passes along upper boarder of LR to the lacrimal gland, conjunctiva, and skin of the lid

50
Q

path of the frontal branch of the ophthalmic branch of trigeminal nerve

A

enters through SOF, goes over oculomotor foramen, and supplies conjunctiva, skin of the brow, and skin of upper lid

51
Q

supply from the nasociliary branch of the ophthalmic branch of trigeminal nerve

A

sensory supply to the globe from ciliary ganglion to short ciliary nerves to the eye and long ciliary nerves which come directly off nasociliary

52
Q

parasympathetic preganglion fibers which travel where?

A

travel in CN III (oculomotor)

53
Q

parasympathetic fibers synapse where?

A

in the ciliary ganglion right behind the globe

54
Q

parasympathetic fibers enter the globe as:

A

short ciliary nerves (post ganglionic fibers)

55
Q

parasympathetic fibers involved in

A

innervation of ciliary body for accommodation (90%) of the iris sphincter muscle for miosis (10%)

56
Q

sympathetic fibers derived from

A

ganglion near spinal cord called superior cervical ganglion

57
Q

sympathetic fibers then travel to the

A

internal carotid plexus

58
Q

what is the internal carotid plexus

A

a network of these sympathetic nerves around internal carotid in carotid canal

59
Q

from the internal carotid plexus to the eye, the sympathetic fibers have what 2 pathways

A
  1. trigeminal ganglion-> nasociliary -> long posterior ciliary nerves -> globe
  2. ciliary ganglion -> short ciliary nerves -> dilator of the iris

Ocular Anatomy (20 decks)

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