Lecture 1 Flashcards
food provides energy and nutrients to (4 things):
- allow for healthy reproduction, 2. support growth and development, 3. maintain a healthy cellular environment, 4. regulate bodily processes
healthy diet
contains the right amount of nutrients and energy in combination to support growth, development and maintain health
macronutrients
yield energy, carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins
micronutrients
needed in small amounts, vitamins and minerals
water
another class of nutrients, but does not fall under macro or micro
carbohydrates
CH2O(N), ready source of energy, make up a majority of the calories in the US diet
proteins
contains R in its structure, made up of amino acids,
unrefined carbohydrates
contains bran, endosperm and germ
refined carbohydrates
“white” grain
dietary to bodily proteins pathway
dietary proteins break down to amino acids, and then those amino acids build bodily proteins
bodily proteins
hormones, enzymes, structural, transport etc
lipids
stored in adipose tissue, “-ides”
vitamins
help with bodily processes, ex carbohydrate metabolism
minerals
perform structural and regulatory roles, bone strength, oxygen transport etc
water duties
lubricant, transporter, body temp regulation, structural component of cells, rids waste
public health issue
is it prevalent, serious, and preventable/treatable
nutrient homeostasis
internal stability
over nutrition
contributes to an increase in overweight and obesity in the US
undernutrition
consequences of undernutrition are found amongst the lacking nutrient
kwashiorkor
protein deficiency, with adequate caloric intake, the body cannot produce enough transporter proteins to move fat and water
